Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 1 of 61 PageID #: 1027
`Case 1:16—cv—00830-RGA Doooooot 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 1 of 61 PageID #: 1027
`
`EXHIBIT 10
`
`EXHIBIT 10
`
`TO COMPLAINT
`TO COMPLAINT
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 2 of 61 PageID #: 1028
`I lllll llllllll Ill lllll lllll lllll lllll lllll 111111111111111111111111111111111
`US006249516Bl
`US 6,249,516 Bl
`Jun.19,2001
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Brownrigg et al.
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`(54) WIRELESS NETWORK GATEWAY AND
`METHOD FOR PROVIDING SAME
`
`(76)
`
`Inventors: Edwin B. Brownrigg, 328 King Rd.,
`Roseville, CA (US) 95678; Thomas W.
`Wilson, 139 Avington Rd., Alameda,
`CA (US) 94502
`
`( * ) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 09/492,930
`Jan. 27, 2000
`(22) Filed:
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`(62) Division of application No. 08/760,895, filed on Dec. 6,
`1996, now Pat. No. 6,044,062.
`Int. Cl.7 ..................................................... H04L 12/66
`(51)
`(52) U.S. Cl. ............................................. 370/338; 370/401
`(58) Field of Search ..................................... 370/338, 349,
`370/352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 400, 401,
`466, 467, 328, 351, 241; 455/11.1
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`5,282,204 * 1/1994 Shpancer et al. .
`5,592,491 * 1/1997 Dinkins et al. ..................... 455/11.1
`5,732,078 * 3/1998 Arango ................................. 370/355
`5,757,783 * 5/1998 Eng et al.
`............................ 370/349
`5,790,938 * 8/1998 Talarmo .............................. 455/11.1
`OIBER PUBLICATIONS
`Frankel, Michael S., "Packet Radios Provide Link for Dis(cid:173)
`tributed, Survivable C3 in Post-Attack Scenarios," MSN
`Jun. 1983.
`Lauer, Greg et al., "Communications in the Information
`Age," IEEE 1984, pp. 15.1.1-15.1.4.
`WestCott, Jil A, "Issues in Distributed Routing for Mobile
`Packet Radio Network," IEEE 1982, pp. 233-238.
`Westcott, Jil et al., "A Distributed Routing Design for a
`Broadcast Environment," IEEE 1982, pp. 10.4-1-10.4--5.
`Kahn, Robert E., "Advances in Packet Radio Technology,"
`IEEE Nov. 1978, vol. 66, No., 11, pp. 1468-1496.
`
`Kahn, Robert E., "The Organization of Computer Resources
`into a Packet Radio Network," IEEE Jan. 1977, vol.
`Com-25, No. 1, pp. 169-178.
`MacGregor, William et al., "Multiple Control Stations in
`Packet Radio Network," IEEE 1982, pp. 10.3-1-10.3-5.
`Shacham, Nachum et al., "Future Directions in Packet Radio
`Technology," IEEE 1985, pp. 93-98.
`Jubin, John, "Current Packet Radio Network Protocols,"
`IEEE 1985, pp. 86-92.
`Gower, Neil et al., "Congestion Control Using Pacing in a
`Packet Radio Network," IEEE 1982, pp. 23.1-1-23.1-6.
`* cited by examiner
`Primary Examiner-Huy D. Vu
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Oppenheimer Wolff &
`Donnelly LLP
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A wireless network system includes a server having a server
`controller and a server radio modem, and a number of clients
`each including a client controller and a client radio modem.
`The server controller implements a server process that
`includes the receipt and the transmission of data packets via
`the radio modem. The client controllers of each of the clients
`implements a client process that includes the receipt and
`transmission of data packets via the client radio modem. The
`client process of each of the clients initiates, selects, and
`maintains a radio transmission path to the server that is
`either a direct path to the server, or is an indirect path or
`"link" to the server through at least one of the remainder of
`the clients. A method for providing wireless network com(cid:173)
`munication includes providing a server implementing a
`server process including receiving data packets via a radio
`modem, sending data packets via the server radio modem,
`communicating with the network, and performing house(cid:173)
`keeping functions, and further includes providing a number
`of clients, each implementing a client process sending and
`receiving data packets via a client radio modem, maintaining
`a send/receive data buffer, and selecting a radio transmission
`path to the server. The radio transmission path or "link" is
`either a direct path to the server, or an indirect path to the
`server through at least one of the remainder of the clients.
`The process preferably optimizes the link to minimize the
`number of "hops" to the server.
`
`19 Claims, 42 Drawing Sheets
`
`12
`
`Network
`#2
`
`

`

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`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 4 of 61 PageID #: 1030
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 4 of 61 PageID #: 1030
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 2 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
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`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 5 of 61 PageID #: 1031
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 5 of 61 PageID #: 1031
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 3 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`
`
`i 001
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`002
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`004
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`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 6 of 61 PageID #: 1032
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 6 of 61 PagelD #: 1032
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 4 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`““3531 _________________________________________
`
`001
`
`002
`
`003
`
`004
`
`¥05
`
`006
`
`007
`
`008
`
`009
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`046
`
`047
`
`048
`
`049
`
`050
`
`There is only one Internet server in range of client 5.
`
`5 will issue an "I am alive" packet seeking a route to the
`Internet.
`
`Internet server 14 will respond and add user client 5 to its
`routing table as its left son.
`
`The updated routing table of Internet server 14 is: 14(05).
`
`The route from user client 5 to the Internet is: 05>14.
`
`Fig. 2b
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 7 of 61 PageID #: 1033
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 7 of 61 PagelD #: 1033
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 5 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`36’\
`
`_ _____________________________
`
`001
`
`002
`
`003
`
`004
`
`¥05
`
`¥06
`
`007
`
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`
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`
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`
`There is only one user client in range of client 6.
`
`6 will issue an "I am alive" packet seeking a client repeater
`route to the Internet.
`
`5 will respond and add 6 to its routing table as its left son.
`
`The updated routing table of Internet server 14 is:
`14(05(06)).
`
`The route from user client 6 to the Internet is: 06>05>14.
`
`Fig. 20
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 8 of 61 PageID #: 1034
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 8 of 61 PagelD #: 1034
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 6 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`“-3511 _________________________________________
`
`001
`
`002
`
`003
`
`004
`
`¥05
`
`¥06
`
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`
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`
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`
`There is only one user client in range of client 7.
`
`7 will issue an "I am alive" packet seeking a client repeater
`route to the Internet.
`
`6 will respond and add 7 to its routing table as its left son.
`
`The updated routing table of Internet server 14 is:
`14(05(06(07))).
`
`The route from user client 7 to the Internet is: 07>06>05>14.
`
`Fig. 2d
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 9 of 61 PageID #: 1035
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16—10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 9 of 61 PagelD #: 1035
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 7 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`""3531 _________________________________________
`
`001
`
`002
`
`003
`
`004
`
`¥05
`
`¥06
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`049
`
`050
`
`There is only one Internet server in range of client 16.
`
`16 will issue an "I am alive" packet seeking a route to the
`Internet.
`
`Internet server 26 will respond and add user client 16 to its
`routing table as its left son.
`
`The updated routing table of Internet server 26 is: 26(16).
`
`The route from user client 16 to the Internet is: 16>26.
`
`Fig. 2e
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 10 of 61 PageID #: 1036
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16—10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 10 of 61 PagelD #: 1036
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 8 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`Server 14 = 14(05(06))
`Server 26 = 26(16(07))
`
`Client 05 = 05(06); >14
`Client 06 = 06; >05>14
`
`Client 07 = 07; >16>26
`
`Client 16 = 16(07); >26
`
`In a universe of 6 nodes, of which 2 are servers, the average
`hop distance from a client to an Internet server is 1.5.
`
`Fig. 21
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 11 of 61 PageID #: 1037
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 11 of 61 PageID #: 1037
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 9 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`¥11
`
`¥12
`
`¥13
`
`.14
`
`¥15
`
`¥16
`
`¥17
`
`¥18
`
`¥19
`
`¥20
`
`¥21
`
`¥22
`
`¥23
`
`¥24
`
`¥25
`
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`
`¥27
`
`¥28
`
`¥29
`
`¥30
`
`¥31
`
`¥32
`
`¥33
`
`¥34
`
`¥35
`
`¥36
`
`¥37
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`¥38
`
`¥39
`
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`
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`
`¥42
`
`¥43
`
`¥44
`
`¥45
`
`¥46
`
`¥47
`
`¥48
`
`¥49
`
`¥50
`
`Fig. 29
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 12 of 61 PageID #: 1038
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 12 of 61 PagelD #: 1038
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 10 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`Server 14 =
`
`14(24(34),23(32(41 (51 ),42(52)),33(43)),13(22(31 )),05(06),
`O4,03(02(11),12(O1,21)))
`
`Server 26 =
`
`26(37(48(59(60),49(50),58),38(39(40)),28(29(30)),47(57)),
`36(46(56)),35(44(53,54),45(55)),27(18(19(20))),25,
`17(08(09(10)),07),16,15)
`
`Client 01 = 01; >12>O3>14
`
`Client 02 = 02(11); >03>14
`Client 03 = 03(02(11),12(01,21)); >14
`Client 04 = 04; >14
`
`Client 05 = 05(06): >14
`Client 06 = 06; >05>14
`
`Client 07 = 07; >17>26
`
`Client 08 = 08(09(10)); >17>26
`Client 09 = 09(10): >08>17>26
`Client 10 = 10; >09>08>17>26
`
`Client 11 = 11; >02>03>14
`
`Client 12 =12(01,21);>03>14
`Client 13 = 13(22(31)); >14
`Client 15 = 15; >26
`
`Client 16 = 16; >26
`
`Client 17 = 17(08(09(10)),07); >26
`Client 18 = 18(19(20)); >27>26
`Client 19 = 19(20); >18>27>26
`Client 20 = 20; >19>18>27>26
`
`Client 21 = 21; >12>03>14
`
`Client 22 = 22(31); >13>14
`Client 23 = 23(32(41(51),42(52)),33(43)); >14
`Client 24 = 24(34); >14
`Client 25 = 25; >26
`
`Client 27 = 27(18(19(20))); >26
`Client 28 = 28(29(30));>37>26
`Client 29 = 29(30);>28>37>26
`Client 30 = 30;>29>28>37>26
`
`Client 31 = 31;>22>13>14
`
`Fig. 2h'
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 13 of 61 PageID #: 1039
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 13 of 61 PagelD #: 1039
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`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 11 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`Client 32 = 32(41(51),42(52)); >23>14
`Client 33 = 33(43);>23>14
`Client 34 = 34;>24>14
`
`Client 35 = 35(44(53,54),45(55));>26
`Client 36 = 36(46(56));>26
`Client 37 = 37(48(59(60),49(50),58),38(39(40)),
`28(29(30)),47(57));>26
`Client 38 = 38(39(40));>37>26
`Client 39 = 39(40);>38>37>26
`Client 40 = 40;>39>38>37>26
`
`Client 41 = 41(51);>32>23>14
`Client 42 = 42(52);>32>23>14
`Client 43 = 43;>33>23>14
`
`Client 44 = 44(53,54);>35>26
`Client 45 = 45(55);>35>26
`Client 46 = 46(56);>36>26
`Client 47 = 47(57);>37>26
`Client 48 = 48(59(60),49(50),58);>37>26
`Client 49 = 49(50);>48>37>26
`Client 50 = 50;>49>48>37>26
`
`Client 51 = 51 ;>41>32>23>14
`
`Client 52 = 52;>42>32>23>14
`
`Client 53 = 53;>44>35>26
`
`Client 54 = 54;>44>35>26
`
`Client 55 = 55;>45>35>26
`
`Client 56 = 56;>46>36>26
`
`Client 57 = 57;>47>37>26
`
`Client 58 = 58;>48>37>26
`Client 59 = 59(60);>48>37>26
`Client 60 = 60;>59>48>37>26
`
`In a universe of 60 nodes, of which 2 are servers, the average hop
`distance from a client to an Internet server is 2.36206897.
`
`Fig. 2h"
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 14 of 61 PageID #: 1040
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 14 of 61 PagelD #: 1040
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`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 12 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`Traversing user client universe .
`
`.
`
`..
`
`User client, 9, has 5 user client neighbors.
`
`User client, 9, will probe each for the shortest route to the Internet.
`9's current route to the Internet is: nonexistant.
`
`9 is now probing 10.
`User client, 9, has no Internet server.
`
`9's current route to the Internet is: nonexistant. .
`
`9 is now probing 20.
`User client, 9, has no Internet server.
`
`9's current route to the Internet is: nonexistant.
`
`9 is now probing 19.
`User client, 9, has no Internet server.
`
`9's current route to the Internet is: nonexistant.
`
`9 is now probing 18.
`User client, 9, has no Internet server.
`
`9's current route to the Internet is: nonexistant.
`
`9 is now probing 8.
`User client 8 will add 9 to its routing table as its left son.
`
`The updated routing table of Internet server 14 is:
`14(05(06(07(08(O9)))),O4,03).
`
`The route from user client 9 to the Internet is:
`
`09>08>07>06>05>14.
`
`Fig. 2i
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 15 of 61 PageID #: 1041
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 15 of 61 PageID #: 1041
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`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 13 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`Traversing user client universe .
`
`.
`
`..
`
`User client, 29, has 8 user client neighbors.
`
`User client, 29, will probe each for the shortest route to the Internet.
`29's current route to the Internet is: nonexistant.
`
`29 is now probing 19.
`User client 19 will add 29 to its routing table as its left son.
`
`The updated routing table of Internet server 14 is:
`14(24,23,13,05(06(07(08(18(28),09(19(29),10(20)))))),
`O4,03(12(22,21))).
`
`The route from user client 29 to the Internet is:
`
`29>19>09>O8>O7>06>O5>14.
`
`Fig. 2j
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 16 of 61 PageID #: 1042
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16—10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 16 of 61 PageID #: 1042
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 14 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`Traversing user client universe .
`
`.
`
`..
`
`User client, 7, has 5 user client neighbors.
`
`User client, 7, will probe each for the shortest route to the Internet.
`7's current route to the Internet is: O7>O6>05>14.
`
`7 is now probing 8.
`7'3 current route to the Internet is: 07>06>05>14.
`
`7 is now probing 18.
`7'3 current route to the Internet is: O7>O6>05>14.
`
`7 is now probing 17.
`User client, 7, has probed its neighbor, user client, 17, and found a
`shorter path to the Internet.
`
`The old routing table of Internet server, 14, is:
`14(24(34(44(54))),23(33(43(53))),13,05(06(07(08(18(28(38(48(58)))),
`09(19(29(39(49(59)))),10(20(30(40(50(60)))))))))),04,03(02,12(01,
`22(32(42(52))),21 (31 (41 (51 )))))).
`
`The updated routing table of Internet server, 26, is:
`26(37(47(57)),36(46(56)),35(45(55)),27,25,17(07(08(18(28(38
`(48(58)))),09(19(29(39(49(59)))),10(20(30(40(50(60))))))))),16,15).
`
`The route from user client, 7, to the Internet is: O7>17>26.
`
`7's current route to the Internet is: O7>17>26.
`
`7 is now probing 16.
`7'3 current route to the Internet is: O7>17>26.
`
`7 is now probing 6.
`7'3 final route is O7>17>26.
`
`Fig. 2k
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 17 of 61 PageID #: 1043
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 17 of 61 PagelD #: 1043
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 15 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`Traversing user client universe .
`
`.
`
`..
`
`User client, 8, has 5 user client neighbors.
`
`User client, 8, will probe each for the shortest route to the Internet.
`8's current route to the Internet is: 08>O7>17>26.
`
`8 is now probing 9.
`8'5 current route to the Internet is: 08>O7>17>26.
`
`8 is now probing 19.
`8'3 current route to the Internet is: 08>O7>17>26.
`
`8 is now probing 18.
`8'5 current route to the Internet is: 08>O7>17>26.
`
`8 is now probing 17.
`User client, 8, has probed its neighbor, user client, 17, and found a
`shorter path to the Internet.
`
`The old routing table of Internet server, 26, is:
`26(37(47(57)),36(46(56)),35(45(55)),27,25,17(07(08(18(28(38
`(48(58)))),09(19(29(39(49(59)))),10(20(30(40(50(60))))))))),16,15).
`
`The updated routing table of Internet server, 26, is:
`26(37(47(57)),36(46(56)),35(45(55)),27,25,17(08(18(28(38
`(48(58)))),09(19(29(39(49(59)))),10(20(30(40(50(60))))))),07),16,15).
`
`The route from user client, 8, to the Internet is: 08>17>26.
`
`8's current route to the Internet is: 08>17>26.
`
`8 is now probing 7.
`8'3 final route is 08>17>26.
`
`Fig. 2|
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 18 of 61 PageID #: 1044
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 18 of 61 PageID #: 1044
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 16 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`Traversing user client universe .
`
`.
`
`..
`
`User client, 18, has 8 user client neighbors.
`
`User client, 18, will probe each for the shortest route to the Internet.
`18's current route to the Internet is: 18>08>17>26.
`
`18 is now probing 8.
`18's current route to the Internet is: 18>08>17>26.
`
`18 is now probing 9.
`18's current route to the Internet is: 18>08>17>26.
`
`18 is now probing 19.
`18's current route to the Internet is: 18>08>17>26.
`
`18 is now probing 29.
`18's current route to the Internet is: 18>08>17>26.
`
`18 is now probing 28.
`18's current route to the Internet is: 18>08>17>26.
`
`18 is now probing 27.
`User client, 18, has probed its neighbor, user client, 27, and found a
`shorter path to the Internet.
`The old routing table of Internet server, 26, is:
`26(37(47(57)),36(46(56)),35(45(55)),27,25,17(08(18(28(38
`(48(58)))),09(19(29(39(49(59)))),10(20(30(40(50(60))))))),O7),16,15).
`
`The updated routing table of Internet server, 26, is:
`26(37(47(57)),36(46(56)),35(45(55)),27(18(28(38(48(58))))),25,
`17(08(09(19(29(39(49(59)))),10(20(30(40(50(60))))))),O7),16,15).
`
`The route from user client, 18, to the Internet is: 18>27>26.
`
`18's current route to the Internet is: 18>27>26.
`
`18 is now probing .
`
`.
`
`..
`
`18's final route is 18>27>26.
`
`Fig. 2m
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 19 of 61 PageID #: 1045
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 19 of 61 PagelD #: 1045
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 17 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`User client, 29, has 8 user client neighbors.
`
`User client, 29, will probe each for the shortest route to the Internet.
`29‘s current route to the Internet is: 29>19>18>27>26.
`
`29 is now probing 19.
`29's current route to the Internet is: 29>19>18>27>26.
`
`29 is now probing 20.
`29's current route to the Internet is: 29>19>18>27>26.
`
`29 is now probing 30.
`29's current route to the Internet is: 29>19>18>27>26.
`
`29 is now probing 40.
`29's current route to the Internet is: 29>19>18>27>26.
`
`29 is now probing 39.
`29's current route to the Internet is: 29>19>18>27>26.
`
`29 is now probing 38.
`29's current route to the Internet is: 29>19>18>27>26.
`
`29 is now probing 28.
`User client, 29, has probed its neighbor, user client, 28, and found a
`shorter path to the Internet.
`The old routing table of Internet server, 26, is:
`26(37(28(38(48(58))),47(57)),36(46(56)),35(45(55)),27(18(19(20
`(30(40(50(60)))),29(39(49(59)))))),25,17(08(09(10)),O7),16,15).
`
`The updated routing table of Internet server, 26, is:
`26(37(28(29(39(49(59))),38(48(58))),47(57)),36(46(56)),35(45(55)),
`27(18(19(20(30(40(50(60))))))),25,17(08(09(10)),07),16,15).
`
`The route from user client, 29, to the Internet is: 29>28>37>26.
`
`29's current route to the Internet is: 29>28>37>26.
`
`29 is now probing 18.
`29's final route is 29>28>37>26.
`
`Fig. 2n
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 20 of 61 PageID #: 1046
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 20 of 61 PageID #: 1046
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 18 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`Traversing user client universe .
`
`.
`
`..
`
`User client, 44, has 8 user client neighbors.
`
`User client, 44, will probe each for the shortest route to the Internet.
`44's current route to the Internet is: 44>34>24>14.
`
`44 is now probing 34.
`44's current route to the Internet is: 44>34>24>14.
`
`44 is now probing 35.
`User client, 44, has probed its neighbor, user client, 35, and found a
`shorter path to the Internet.
`The old routing table of Internet server, 14, is:
`14(24(34(44(54))),23(32(41(51),42(52)),33(43(53))),13(22(31)),
`05(06),O4,03(02,12(O1(11),21))).
`
`The updated routing table of Internet server, 14, is:
`14(24(34),23(32(41(51),42(52)),33(43(53))),13(22(31)),05(O6),04,
`03(02,12(01(11),21))).
`
`The updated routing table of Internet server, 26, is:
`26(37(38(39(40(50(60)),49(59)),48(58)),28(29(30)),47(57)),36(46
`(56)),35(44(54),45(55)),27(18(19(20))),25,17(08(09(10)),O7),16,15).
`
`The route from user client, 44, to the Internet is: 44>35>26.
`44's current route to the Internet is: 44>28>37>26.
`
`44 is now probing .
`
`.
`
`.
`
`44's final route is 44>35>26.
`
`Fig. 20
`
`

`

`_
`GSaC
`gaP
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 21 of 61 PageID #: 1047
`#.
`7m
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`
`

`

`Dla5,wm,P2,
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`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 22 of 61 PageID #: 1048
`AG
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`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 23 of 61 PageID #: 1049
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 23 of 61 PagelD #: 1049
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 21 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`82
`
`{‘74
`
`
`
`RETRY = 0
`
`88
`
`
`
`Retrieve Packet
`
`Link of Packet Same
`
`From Client Receive
`
`As In Current Link In
`
`Buffer
`
`Memory?
`
`Process
`Internodal
`
`Information
`
`Put In Server
`Transmit
`
`Buffer
`
`Already
`Repeated?
`
`Put In Client
`
`Transmit
`
`Buffer
`
`
`
` M m
`
`
`
`RETRY =
`
`RETRY +
`
`Yes
`RETRY >
`
`NUMRETRY?
`
`102
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 24 of 61 PageID #: 1050
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 24 of 61 PageID #: 1050
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 22 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`0 L
`
`0
`
`23
`LL
`
`.Q
`Lf)
`.
`.9
`L'-
`
`E
`k
`
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`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 25 of 61 PageID #: 1051
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 25 of 61 PagelD #: 1051
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 23 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`124
`
`108
`
`Place Acknowledgement
`And Code Seed In Client
`
`Transmit Buffer
`
`r
`
` Client
`Authentic?
`
`Already In
`Tree?
`
`
`
`
`
`Receive
`
`Client
`
`Request For
`Network Tree
`
`
`Delete Client
`From Tree
`
`
`Place
`
`
`
`Network Tree
`
`
` Put New
`
`
`
`
`
`
`In Client
`
`Transmit
`
`Client In Tree
`
`Buffer
`
`
`
`Fig. 6
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 26 of 61 PageID #: 1052
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 26 of 61 PagelD #: 1052
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 24 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`142 W
`
`148
`
`Choose A Seed
`
`On The Fly
`
`152
`
`
`
`Perform One-Way Function Using
`Seed And Known Authentication
`
`
`
`Algorithm, And Store One-Way Result
`
`
`
`
`
`Camouflage
`Seed
`
`156
`
`Place Acknowledgement
`Code And Camouflaged
`Seed ln Client Transmit Buffer
`
`Fig. 6a
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 27 of 61 PageID #: 1053
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 27 of 61 PagelD #: 1053
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 25 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`160
`
`r 140
`
`172
`
`Parent P Of
`
`
`
`162~?
`
`
`1 Hop Client?
`No
`
`
`
`
`Client C Known
`
`Yes
`
`To Client C?
`
`Determine
`
`Parent P
`
`From Header
`
`Of Client C
`
`Receive
`
`Parent P
`
`From Client
`
`C
`
`
`
`
`
`ADDSON
`
`(RC)
`
`ADDSON
`
`(RC)
`
`178
`
`
`
`Fig. 6b
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 28 of 61 PageID #: 1054
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 28 of 61 PageID #: 1054
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 26 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`180
`
`rf~168fl78
`
`182
`
`184
`
`
`
`
`
`RSIB(C) = LSON(P)
`
`FATHER(C) = P
`
`186
`
`192
`
`198
`
`..._.
`
`194
`
`_.@_.
`
`194
`
`196
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 29 of 61 PageID #: 1055
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 29 of 61 PageID #: 1055
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 27 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`200
`
`202
`
`r 136
`
`Target = LEFTSON?
`
`Yes
`
`No
`
`20
`
`4
`
`Siblings?
`
`Find Target
`
`No
`
`Yes
`
`
`
`
`
`Delete
`LEFTSON
`
`
`
`Mgk:|.NeXt
`'
`Ing
`LEFTSON
`
`Delete Target
`
`2
`
`12
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`/\ Pointers
`
`Fig. 8
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 30 of 61 PageID #: 1056
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 30 of 61 PageID #: 1056
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 28 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 31 of 61 PageID #: 1057
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 31 of 61 PageID #: 1057
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 29 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`c
`
`r 220
`
`9 9
`
`Fig. 9a
`
`e a
`
`9
`
`X(3(9,Z(8.5.Q(P))).B)
`
`Fig. 9b
`
`(—222
`
`224
`
`1
`
`226
`
`1
`
`228
`
`1
`
`230
`
`1
`
`Element
`
`Node Name
`
`Time Stamp
`
`Memory Location
`Of Node
`
`Z
`
`1
`
`2
`
`3
`
`4
`
`5
`
`6
`7
`
`8
`
`9
`
`3
`
`P
`
`X
`
`5
`
`8
`
`Q
`9
`
`B
`
`Fig. 9c:
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 32 of 61 PageID #: 1058
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 32 of 61 PageID #: 1058
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 30 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`SewerCompMer
`
`(H030
`
`30/42
`
`
`
`
`Seflal
`
`Pod
`
`
`
`Fig.10
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 33 of 61 PageID #: 1059
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 33 of 61 PagelD #: 1059
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 31 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`232
`
`30
`
`r
`
`234
`
`236
`
`No
`
`Yes
`
`238
`
`Flag Set?
`
`= Mark
`
`240
`
`242
`
`End Of
`
`Yes can
`
`No
`
`244
`
`Get Next Element
`
`248
`
`.
`Time -
`
`
`
`Time Stamp
`
`> Interval?
`
`246
`
`No
`
`Yes
`
`Delete Client
`
`
`
`From Tree
`And Table
`
`250
`
`Heal/X)
`Traffic-
`
`No
`
`Yes
`
`Mark Place
`
`
`
`With Flag
`
`252
`
`254
`
`256
`
`Network
`
`253
`
`Send
`Packets
`
`Process
`
`Packets
`
`260
`
`Fig. 11
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 34 of 61 PageID #: 1060
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 34 of 61 PageID #: 1060
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 32 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`L a
`
`)
`.Z
`0.).
`
`hfiefiace
`
`owc(
`
`UL
`'—
`
`hfiedéce
`
`Sefial
`
`L
`
`264
`
`-8
`9w
`0G)—0
`29
`D.
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 35 of 61 PageID #: 1061
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 35 of 61 PageID #: 1061
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 33 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`Fig.13
`
`:—
`
`.
`
`O(
`
`D
`(D
`Q)
`
`U ED
`
`20'\
`
`284
`
`286
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 36 of 61 PageID #: 1062
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 36 of 61 PageID #: 1062
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 34 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`Fig.14
`
`OO
`
`1"
`
`
`
`ClientProcess
`
`
`
`RadioTransmitAnd
`
` FIFOBuffer
`
`ReceiveDataInRAM
`Send/
`
`
`
`ReceivePackets
`
`304
`
`306
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 37 of 61 PageID #: 1063
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 37 of 61 PageID #: 1063
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 35 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`310
`
`312
`
`No
`
`Yes
`
`
`
`
`
`Send An 01 Packet
`
`02 Received?
`
`Send An 03
`
`Packet
` 321
`
`
`
`No
`
`04 Received?
`
`Yes
`
`Yes
`
`324’\
`
`326
`
`Store Link
`
`Send An 05 To Link
`
`322
`
`338
`
`328
`
`06 Received?
`
`N
`
`0
`
`320
`
`Transmit/
`
`
`
`Receive
`
`Process
`
`Yes
`
`3
`
`30
`
`Send An 07 To Link
`
`
`
`
`Out Of
`
`Tries?
`
`332
`
`08 Received?
`
`Yes
`
`Set Random
`Check-In
`Time
`
`
`
`335
`
`Fig. 15
`
`No
`
`Yes
`
`D
`
`334
`
`320
`
`\«304
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 38 of 61 PageID #: 1064
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 38 of 61 PageID #: 1064
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 36 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`r 338
`
`
`
`
`Process Computer
`Process Radio
`Received Packets
`Received Packets
`
`
`
`340
`
`
`Transmit/Receive
`Process Control
`
`
`
`
`
`Mark As Off
`
`Network
`
`.-Check In?
`
`Send An 07
`
`Receive
`
`An 08?
`
`
`
`
`354
`
`Authenticate
`
`And Send An
`11 To
`
`LEFTSON
`
`No
`
`Fig. 16
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 39 of 61 PageID #: 1065
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 39 of 61 PageID #: 1065
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 37 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`{- 344
`
`Obtain Data
`
`From Buffer
`
`362
`
`Add Linking Path And A
`"14" As A Header
`
`364
`
`Transmit Data
`
`With Header
`
`
`
`368
`
`Fig. 17
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 40 of 61 PageID #: 1066
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 40 of 61 PageID #: 1066
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 38 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`/ 346
`
`Process Per
`
`Type Code
`
`378\ Create New
`
`Link
`
` 384?
`
`
`
`
`Mark And
`
`Transmit
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`382?
`
`Am I On The
`
`Route?
`
`No
`
`Am I Marked?
`
`Yes
`
`Is Link To Unmarked Node
`
`Shorter Than My Link?
`
`Route
`
`Cache
`
`
`
`Alternative
`
`
`Fig. 18
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 41 of 61 PageID #: 1067
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 41 of 61 PageID #: 1067
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 39 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`/394
`
`(5
`a)
`‘—
`
`.
`.9
`U.
`
`/394
`
`N0f
`
`i-
`
`k
`
`.Q
`
`€00
`3T-
`
`3|
`£9
`ELL
`
`&
`g,
`
`J
`
`Ox
`S;
`E
`
`to
`
`33%«>2
`
`C")
`
`L X-
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 42 of 61 PageID #: 1068
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 42 of 61 PagelD #: 1068
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 40 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`404
`
`406
`
`408
`
`Code
`
`Received
`
`Server
`
`Response
`
`
`
`Client
`
`Response
`
`If 02 And Authentic
`
`if 04 And Authentic Then 06
`
`Then 06 Else Drop
`
`Drop
`
`04
`
`05
`
`O7
`
`10
`
`11
`
`12
`
`13
`
`14
`
`
`
`Else Drop
`
`If 05 Then 07 Else Drop
`
`
`
`Update Tree Or Repeat Data
`
`
`
`
`
`Update Tree Or Repeat Data
`
`Send 11 To LEFTSON With
`
`
`
`Address of Departer Plus 01
`to Reconnect
`
`Send To Network
`Transmit Buffer
`
`Send To Computer Transmit
`Buffer
`
`
`
`Fig. 19
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 43 of 61 PageID #: 1069
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 43 of 61 PageID #: 1069
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 41 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`<07,Neigbor‘sAddress>
`
`Fig.20
`
`<07,Neigbor'sAddress>
`
`
`
`
`
`<08,Tree>
`
`<08,Tree>
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 44 of 61 PageID #: 1070
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 44 of 61 PageID #: 1070
`
`US. Patent
`
`Jun. 19, 2001
`
`Sheet 42 0f 42
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`X(3(9,Z(8,5,Q(P))),B)
`
`Fig. 21 a
`
`
`
`
`
`P(Q(Z(3(X))))XX
`
`Data
`
`Fig. 21 b
`
`Reverse
`
`X(3(Z(Q(P))))
`
`Fig. 210
`
`X(3(9,Z(8,5,Q P))),B)
`VPVVJ
`
`C
`
`Fig. 21d
`
`

`

`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 45 of 61 PageID #: 1071
`Case 1:16-cv-00830-RGA Document 16-10 Filed 02/06/17 Page 45 of 61 PageID #: 1071
`
`US 6,249,516 B1
`
`1
`WIRELESS NETWORK GATEWAY AND
`METHOD FOR PROVIDING SAME
`
`This is a division of US. patent application Ser. No.
`08/760,895,
`filed on Dec. 6, 1996 now US. Pat. No.
`6,044,062. The aforementioned application is incorporated
`herein by reference.
`TECHNICAL FIELD
`
`This invention relates generally to digital computer
`networks, and more particularly to wireless digital networks
`for the transmission of digital data packets.
`BACKGROUND ART
`
`There are many kinds of networks that can be used to
`couple computers together for data communication. For
`example, a simple local area network (LAN), such as a
`Novell® network or an Appleshare® network, can be used
`to couple together the personal computers in an office. Often,
`one or more network “servers” or “hosts” will influence data
`flow within the