`
`IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
`FOR THE DISTRICT OF DELAWARE
`
`
`SOUND VIEW INNOVATIONS, LLC,
`
`))
`
`)
`)
`)
`) C.A. No. 16-116-RGA
`)
`)
`)
`)
`
`
`
`
`
`
`FACEBOOK, INC.,
`
`
`
`
`
`
`v.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Plaintiff,
`
`Defendant.
`
`NOTICE OF SUBPOENA TO RED HAT INC.
`
`
`
`
`PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that, on or about July 14, 2017, pursuant to Rule 45 of the
`
`Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, Plaintiff Sound View Innovations, LLC (“Sound View”) will
`
`cause to be served the attached subpoena (Ex. 1) requesting the production of documents and
`
`things. The subpoena is accompanied by thumb drives containing the following files: SVI-FB-
`
`P-00000001 – SVI-FB-P-00000006.
`
`
`
`PLEASE TAKE FURTHER NOTICE that, on or about July 14, 2017, pursuant to Rules
`
`30 and 45 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, Sound View will serve a subpoena for the
`
`deposition upon oral examination of Red Hat Inc. (Ex. 2). This deposition will commence at
`
`9:00 a.m. on July 31, 2017 at Regus Conference Space – Raleigh-Durham, 2530 Meridian
`
`Pkwy., 2nd and 3rd Floors, Durham, NC 27713, or at such other date, time and location agreed
`
`upon by counsel, before a court reporter, notary public or other person authorized by law to
`
`administer oaths. The oral examination will be recorded stenographically and by videotape, and
`
`the stenographic method may include the instant visual display of the testimony. The deposition
`
`will continue from day to day until completed.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 2 of 43 PageID #: 2686
`
`
`
`
`Dated: July 14, 2017
`
`PHILLIPS, GOLDMAN, MCLAUGHLIN &
`HALL, P.A.
`
`
`/s/ Megan C. Haney
`John C. Phillips, Jr. (No. 110)
`Megan C. Haney (No. 5016)
`1200 North Broom Street
`Wilmington, Delaware 19806
`(302) 655-4200
`jcp@pgmhlaw.com
`mch@pgmhlaw.com
`
`Attorneys for Plaintiff
`
`
`
`
`
`2
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 3 of 43 PageID #: 2687
`Case 1:16-cv—00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 3 of 43 PagelD #: 2687
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`EXHIBIT 1
`EXHIBIT 1
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 4 of 43 PageID #: 2688
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 4 of 43 PagelD #: 2688
`
`A0 88B (Rev. 12/13) Subpoena to Produce Documents, Information, or Objects or to Permit Inspection of Premises in a Civil Action
`
`UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
`for the
`
`District of Delaware
`
`Sound View Innovations, LLC
`
`Facebook, Inc. vvvvvv
`
`Plaintifl
`V.
`
`De endanf
`
`Civil Action No.
`
`1316'CV'116'RGA
`
`SUBPOENA TO PRODUCE DOCUMENTS, INFORMATION, OR OBJECTS
`OR TO PERMIT INSPECTION OF PREMISES IN A CIVIL ACTION
`
`To;
`
`General Counsel, Red Hat, Inc., 100 East Davie Street, Raleigh, NC 27601
`c/o C T Corporation System, 67 Burnside Ave., East Hartford, CT 06108—3408
`
`(Name prerson to whom this subpoena is directed)
`
`if Production." YOU ARE COMMANDED to produce at the time, date, and place set forth below the following
`documents, electronically stored information, or objects, and to permit inspection, copying, testing, or sampling of the
`material: See Exhibits A-B
`
`
`Place: Transperfect
`I
`Date and Time:
`300 Blackwell Street, Suite 102
`m Research Triangle Park, NC 2779‘1 __
`
`.
`0701/2017 9'00 am
`
`
`
`
`
`CI Inspection ofPremises; YOU ARE COMMANDED to permit entry onto the designated premises, land, or
`other property possessed or controlled by you at the time, date, and location set forth below, so that the requesting party
`may inspect, measure, survey, photograph, test, or sample the property or any designated object or operation on it.
`
`Place:
`
`
`
`Date and Time:
`
`The following provisions of Fed. R. Civ. P. 45 are attached — Rule 45(c), relating to the place of compliance;
`Rule 45(d), relating to your protection as a person subject to a subpoena; and Rule 45(e) and (g), relating to your duty to
`respond to this subpoena and the potential consequences of not doing so.
`
`Date;
`
`(37/13/2017
`
`.
`
`CLERK OF COURT
`
`
`1--
`_.
`.........................................,._
`Signarure of Clerk 07' Deputy Clerk
`
`OR
`
`at MM
`
`wwmm'“MMMM.1____________________________
`Attorney ’s signature
`
`The name, address, e-mail address, and telephone number of the attorney representing (name quarty)
`
`Innovations, LLC
`v
`_
`m
`w
`
`, who issues or requests this subpoena, are:
`
`Sound View
`
`Wesley White (wwhite@desmaraisllp.com), Desmarais LLP, 230 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10169, (212) 808-2941
`
`Notice to the person who issues or requests this subpoena
`A notice and a copy of the subpoena must be served on each party in this case before it is served on the person to whom
`it is directed. Fed. R. Civ. P. 45(a)(4).
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 5 of 43 PageID #: 2689
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 5 of 43 PagelD #: 2689
`
`A0 88B (Rev, 12/ 13) Subpoena to Produce Documents, Information, or Objects or to Permit Inspection of Premises in a Civil Action (Page 2)
`
`Civil Action No. 1115~CV-’| 16-RGA
`
`(This section should not be filed with the court unless required by Fed. R. Civ. P. 45.)
`
`PROOF OF SERVICE
`
`I received this subpoena for (name ofindividual and title, ifany)
`
`on (date)
`
`El I served the subpoena by delivering a copy to the named person as follows:
`
`
`
` on (date) ; or
`
`E] I returned the subpoena unexeeuted because:
`
`
`
`Unless the subpoena was issued on behalf of the United States, or one of its officers or agents, I have also
`tendered to the witness the fees for one day’s attendance, and the mileage allowed by law, in the amount of
`
`18
`
`My fees are $
`
`for travel and $
`
`for services, for a total of $
`
`0.00
`
`I declare under penalty of perjury that this information is tme.
`
`Server '3 signature
`
`Printed name and title
`
`
`Server ’s address
`
`Additional information regarding attempted service, etc.:
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 6 of 43 PageID #: 2690
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 6 of 43 PagelD #: 2690
`
`A0 88B (Rev. 12/13) Subpoena to Produce Documents, Information, or Objects or to Permit Inspection of Premises in a Civil Action(Pagc 3)
`
`Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 45 (c), (d), (e), and (g) (Effective 12/1/13)
`
`(c) Place of Compliance.
`
`(1) For a Trial, Hearing, or Deposition. A subpoena may command a
`person to attend a trial, hearing, or deposition only as follows:
`(A) within 100 miles of where the person resides, is employed, or
`regularly transacts business in person; or
`(B) within the state where the person resides, is employed, or regularly
`transacts business in person, if the person
`(i) is a party or a party’s officer; or
`(ii) is commanded to attend a trial and would not incur substantial
`expense.
`
`(2) For Other Discovery. A subpoena may command:
`(A) production of documents, electronically stored information, or
`tangible things at a place within 100 miles ofwhere the person resides, is
`employed, or regularly transacts business in person; and
`(B) inspection of premises at the premises to be inspected.
`
`(d) Protecting a Person Subject to a Subpoena; Enforcement.
`
`(1) Avoiding Undue Burden or Expense; Sanctions. A party or attorney
`responsible for issuing and serving a subpoena must take reasonable steps
`to avoid imposing undue burden or expense on a person subject to the
`subpoena. The court for the district where compliance is required must
`enforce this duty and impose an appropriate sanction——which may include
`lost earnings and reasonable attorney’s fees—A011 a party or attorney who
`fails to comply.
`
`'
`
`(2) Command to Produce Materials or Permit Inspection.
`(A) Appearance Not Required. A person commanded to produce
`documents, electronically stored information, or tangible things, or to
`permit the inspection of premises, need not appear in person at the place of
`production or inspection unless also commanded to appear for a deposition,
`hearing, or trial.
`(B) Objections. A person commanded to produce documents or tangible
`things or to permit inspection may serve on the party or attorney designated
`in the subpoena a written objection to inspecting, copying, testing, or
`sampling any or all ofthe materials or to inspecting the premisesmor to
`producing electronically stored information in the form or forms requested.
`The objection must be served before the earlier ofthe time specified for
`compliance or 14 days after the subpoena is served. lfan objection is made,
`the following rules apply:
`(i) At any time, on notice to the commanded person, the serving party
`may move the court for the district where compliance is required for an
`order compelling production or inspection.
`(ii) These acts may be required only as directed in the order, and the
`order must protect a person who is neither a party nor a party’s officer from
`significant expense resulting from compliance.
`
`(3) Quashing or Molli/ying a Subpoena.
`(A) When Required. On timely motion, the court for the district where
`compliance is required must quain or modify a subpoena that:
`(i) fails to allow a reasonable time to comply;
`(ii) requires a person to comply beyond the geographical limits
`specified in Rule 45(c);
`(iii) requires disclosure ofprivileged or other protected matter, ifno
`exception or waiver applies; or
`(iv) subjects a person to undue burden.
`(B) When Permitted. To protect a person subject to or affected by a
`subpoena, the court for the district where compliance is required may, on
`motion, quash or modify the subpoena if it requires:
`(i) disclosing a trade secret or other confidential research,
`development, or commercial information; or
`
`(ii) disclosing an unretained expert’s opinion or information that does
`not describe specific occurrences in dispute and results from the expert’s
`study that was not requested by a party.
`(C) Specifying Conditions as an Alternative. In the circumstances
`described in Rule 45(d)(3)(B), the court may, instead of quashing or
`modifying a subpoena, order appearance or production under specified
`conditions ifthe serving party:
`(i) shows a substantial need for the testimony or material that cannot be
`Otherwise met without undue hardship; and
`(ii) ensures that the subpoenaed person will be reasonably compensated.
`
`(e) Duties in Responding to a Subpoena.
`
`(1) Producing Documents or Electronically Stored Information. These
`procedures apply to producing documents or electronically stored
`information:
`(A) Documents. A person responding to a subpoena to produce documents
`must produce them as they are kept in the ordinary course of business or
`must organize and label them to correspond to the categories in the demand.
`(B) Formfor Producing Electronically Stored Information Not Specified
`If a subpoena does not specify a form for producing electronically stored
`information, the person responding must produce it in a form or forms in
`which it is ordinarily maintained or in a reasonably usable form or forms.
`(C) Electronically Stored Information Produced in Only One Farm. The
`person responding need not produce the same electronically stored
`information in more than one form.
`(D) Inaecessible Electronically Stored Information. The person
`responding need not provide discoveiy of electronically stored information
`from sources that the person identifies as not reasonably accessible because
`of undue burden or cost. On motion to compel discovery or for a protective
`order, the person responding must show that the information is not
`reasonably accessible because ofundue burden or cost. lfthat showing is
`made, the court may nonetheless order discovery from such sources if the
`requesting party shows good cause, considering the limitations of Rule
`26(b)(2)(C). The court may specify conditions for the discovery.
`
`(2) Claiming Privilege or Protection.
`(A) Information Withheld. A person withholding subpoenaed information
`under a claim that it is privileged or subject to protection as trial—preparation
`material must:
`(i) expressly make the claim; and
`(ii) describe the nature ofthe withheld documents, communications, or
`tangible things in a manner that, without revealing information itself
`privileged or protected, will enable the parties to assess the claim.
`(B) Information Produced. if information produced in response to a
`subpoena is subject to a claim of privilege or ofprotection as
`trial—preparation material, the person making the claim may notify any party
`that received the information of the claim and the basis for it. After being
`notified, at party must promptly return, sequester, or destroy the specified
`information and any copies it has; must not use or disclose the information
`until the claim is resolved; must take reasonable steps to retrieve the
`information if the party disclosed it before being notified; and may promptly
`present the information under seal to the court for the district where
`compliance is required for a determination ofthe claim. The person who
`produced the information must preserve the information until the claim is
`resolved.
`
`(g) Contempt.
`The court for the district where compliance is requiredwand also, after a
`motion is transferred, the issuing court—may hold in contempt a person
`who, having been served, fails without adequate excuse to obey the
`subpoena or an order related to it.
`
`For access to subpoena materials, scc Fed. R. Civ. P. 45(a) Committee Note (2013).
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 7 of 43 PageID #: 2691
`Case 1:16-cv—00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 7 of 43 PagelD #: 2691
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`EXHIBIT A
`EXHIBIT A
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`1
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 8 of 43 PageID #: 2692
`
`Exhibit A
`
`Pursuant to Rules 34 and 45 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, Red Hat, Inc. (“Red
`
`Hat”) is required to produce the documents requested below for inspection and copying. The
`
`requested documents are to be produced on or before July 21, 2017 at 9:00 a.m., at TransPerfect,
`
`300 Blackwell Street, Suite 102, Research Triangle Park, NC 27701, or at such other time as may
`
`be agreed by counsel. A copy of the Protective Order entered in this action for the protection of
`
`any requested proprietary, confidential, or commercially sensitive information is attached hereto
`
`as Exhibit B.
`
`DEFINITIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS
`
`1.
`
`As used herein, “CentOS,” “Red Hat,” “You,” and “Your” means Red Hat, Inc.,
`
`and all of its predecessors (merged, acquired, or otherwise), successors, subsidiaries, parents,
`
`sisters, divisions, departments, partnerships, and affiliates thereof, and all officers, directors,
`
`principals, agents, employees, attorneys, and other persons acting on their behalf.
`
`2.
`
`As used herein, “Facebook” means Facebook, Inc., and all of its predecessors
`
`(merged, acquired, or otherwise), successors, subsidiaries, parents, sisters, divisions,
`
`departments, partnerships, and affiliates thereof, and all officers, directors, principals, agents,
`
`employees, attorneys, and other persons acting on their behalf.
`
`3.
`
`4.
`
`As used herein, “Sound View” means Sound View Innovations, LLC.
`
`As used herein, “this action” means the action filed by Sound View against
`
`Facebook in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, Civil Action No. 1:16-
`
`cv-116-RGA.
`
`5.
`
`As used herein, “communication” means any transmission of information by one
`
`or more persons and between two or more persons by any means, including telephone
`
`
`
`2
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 9 of 43 PageID #: 2693
`
`conversations, letters, telegrams, teletypes, telexes, telecopies, electronic mail, other computer
`
`linkups, written memoranda, and face-to-face conversations.
`
`6.
`
`As used herein, “and” and “or” shall be construed conjunctively and disjunctively,
`
`so as to acquire the broadest possible meaning.
`
`7.
`
`As used herein, “any” and “all” shall each be construed to mean “each and every,”
`
`so as to acquire the broadest possible meaning.
`
`8.
`
`9.
`
`As used herein, “each” and “every” mean “each and every.”
`
`As used herein, “include” and “including” shall be construed to mean “without
`
`limitation,” so as to acquire the broadest possible meaning.
`
`10.
`
`As used herein, “document” has the same broad meaning as in Rule 34 of the
`
`Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The term “document” also encompasses tangible things.
`
`11.
`
`As used herein, “person” means any natural person or any business, legal, or
`
`governmental entity or association.
`
`12.
`
`As used herein, “related” or “relating” to any given subject means, without
`
`limitation,
`
`identifying, describing, discussing, concerning, assessing, stating, reflecting,
`
`constituting, containing, embodying, tending to support or refute, or referring directly or
`
`indirectly to, in any way, the particular subject matter identified.
`
`13.
`
`As used herein, the singular of any word shall include the plural, and the plural
`
`shall include the singular.
`
`14.
`
`As used herein, “CentOS product” refers to the CentOS Linux distribution
`
`software product that is available through Your website, at https://www.centos.org/.
`
`15.
`
`Pursuant to the requests herein, You are to produce any and all relevant
`
`documents within the possession, custody, or control of Red Hat, including documents located in
`
`
`
`3
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 10 of 43 PageID #: 2694
`
`the files of any and all past and present association members, subsidiaries, parents, sisters,
`
`partnerships, directors, officers, agents, representatives, employees, attorneys, and accountants of
`
`Red Hat.
`
`16.
`
`Produce each document in its entirety, without deletions, redactions, or
`
`exclusions, regardless of whether you deem part of a document outside of the scope of the
`
`requests.
`
`17.
`
`Produce documents that identify the file or other source in which each document
`
`responsive to these requests is found or keep a record of such information.
`
`18.
`
`Documents from any single file should be produced in the same order as they
`
`were found in such file, including any labels, files, folders, and/or containers in which such
`
`documents are located or with which such documents are associated. If copies of documents are
`
`produced in lieu of the originals, such copies should be legible and bound or stapled in the same
`
`manner as the originals.
`
`19.
`
`All documents that constitute electronically stored information, with that term
`
`having the meaning ascribed to it by the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, shall be produced in
`
`an intelligible format.
`
`20.
`
`If a document once existed, but has been lost, destroyed, erased, or otherwise is
`
`no longer in your possession, identify the document and state the details concerning the loss or
`
`destruction of such document, including the name and address of the present custodian of any
`
`such document known to You.
`
`21.
`
`If, after conducting a reasonable investigation, a full answer cannot be provided
`
`for any request for the production of documents, state that such is the case and answer to the
`
`fullest extent possible, stating what responsive documents or information are available, what
`
`
`
`4
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 11 of 43 PageID #: 2695
`
`documents or information cannot be provided, why the documents or information are
`
`unavailable, and what efforts were made to obtain the unavailable documents or information.
`
`22.
`
`If any of the documents requested herein are no longer in Your possession,
`
`custody, or control, identify for each such document the date, the type of the document, any
`
`senders and recipients, and any persons receiving any copies of each such document, and provide
`
`a summary of each such document’s pertinent contents.
`
`23.
`
`If any document responsive to these requests has been destroyed, describe the
`
`contents of the document, identify the location of any copies of the document, and the date of
`
`destruction of the document.
`
`24.
`
`If any document is withheld on a claim of attorney/client privilege or work
`
`product immunity, provide a detailed privilege log that describes the nature and basis for your
`
`claim and the subject matter of the document withheld, in a manner sufficient to disclose facts
`
`upon which You rely in asserting your claim and to identify the grounds and reasons for
`
`withholding the document. Such description should, at a minimum, include:
`
`i.
`
`the date of the withheld document;
`
`ii.
`
`an identification of each and every author of the document;
`
`iii.
`
`iv.
`
`an identification of each and every person who received the document;
`
`an identification of each and every person from whom the document was
`
`received;
`
`v.
`
`a description of the subject of the document; and
`
`vi.
`
`further information relating to the document sufficient to explain the claim of
`
`privilege or immunity and to permit the adjudication of the propriety of that
`
`claim.
`
`
`
`5
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 12 of 43 PageID #: 2696
`
`25.
`
`The document requests herein shall be deemed continuing, and it is requested that
`
`supplemental responses and production be provided as additional information or documents
`
`become available, in accordance with Rule 26(e) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
`
`DOCUMENT REQUESTS
`
`1.
`
`Communications with or concerning Facebook, including, e.g., communications
`
`concerning Facebook’s use of any of the CentOS products, and documents concerning such
`
`communications.
`
`2.
`
`3.
`
`4.
`
`5.
`
`A copy of the CentOS product CentOS-5 as made available by You.
`
`A copy of the CentOS product CentOS-6 as made available by You.
`
`A copy of the CentOS product CentOS-7 as made available by You.
`
`Documents sufficient to describe the operation and use of the function
`
`set_robust_list in the CentOS product CentOS-5 as made available by You.
`
`6.
`
`Documents sufficient to describe the operation and use of the function
`
`set_robust_list in the CentOS product CentOS-6 as made available by You.
`
`7.
`
`Documents sufficient to describe the operation and use of the function
`
`set_robust_list in the CentOS product CentOS-7 as made available by You.
`
`8.
`
`Documents sufficient to describe the operation and use of robust futexes in the
`
`CentOS product CentOS-5 as made available by You.
`
`9.
`
`Documents sufficient to describe the operation and use of robust futexes in the
`
`CentOS product CentOS-6 as made available by You.
`
`10.
`
`Documents sufficient to describe the operation and use of robust futexes in the
`
`CentOS product CentOS-7 as made available by You.
`
`
`
`
`
`6
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 13 of 43 PageID #: 2697
`Case 1:16-cv—00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 13 of 43 PagelD #: 2697
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`EXHIBIT B
`
`EXHIBIT B
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 36 Filed 07/11/16 Page 1 of 21 PageID #: 671Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 14 of 43 PageID #: 2698
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 36 Filed 07/11/16 Page 2 of 21 PageID #: 672Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 15 of 43 PageID #: 2699
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 36 Filed 07/11/16 Page 3 of 21 PageID #: 673Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 16 of 43 PageID #: 2700
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 36 Filed 07/11/16 Page 4 of 21 PageID #: 674Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 17 of 43 PageID #: 2701
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 36 Filed 07/11/16 Page 5 of 21 PageID #: 675Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 18 of 43 PageID #: 2702
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 36 Filed 07/11/16 Page 6 of 21 PageID #: 676Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 19 of 43 PageID #: 2703
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 36 Filed 07/11/16 Page 7 of 21 PageID #: 677Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 20 of 43 PageID #: 2704
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 36 Filed 07/11/16 Page 8 of 21 PageID #: 678Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 21 of 43 PageID #: 2705
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 36 Filed 07/11/16 Page 9 of 21 PageID #: 679Case 1:16-cv-00116-RGA Document 142 Filed 07/14/17 Page 22 of 43 PageID #: 2706
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`