Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 1 of 31 PageID #: 30041
`Case 1:10-cv-00258—SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 1 of 31 PagelD #: 30041
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`IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
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`FOR THE DISTRICT OF DELAWARE _
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`IRONWORKS PATENTS, LLC,
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`Plaintiff,
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`APPLE, INC.
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`Defendant.
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`vvvvvvvvvv
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`CIV. No. 10—258-SLR
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`Brian E. Farnan, Esquire and Michael J. Farnan, Esquire of Farnan LLP, Wilmington, I
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`Delaware. Of Counsel: David Berten, Esquire and Alison A. Richards, Esquire of
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`'Global IP Law Group, LLC Counsel for Plaintiff..
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`Richard K. Herrmann, Esquire and Mary Matterer, Esquire of Morris James LLP,
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`Wilmington, Delaware. Of Counsel: Tara D. Elliott, Esquire of Wilmer Cutler Pickering
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`Hale and Dorr, and Melody Drummond Hansen, Esquire, Luann L. Simmons, Esquire,
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`and Xin-Yi Zhou, Esquire of O’Melveny &'Myers LLP Counsel for Defendant.
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`' MEMORANDUM OPINION
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`Dated: June H" ,2017
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`Wilmington, Delaware
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`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 2 of 31 PageID #: 30042
`Case 1:10-cv-00258—SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 2 of 31 PagelD #: 30042
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`MWtrict Judge
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`I. INTRODUCTION
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`On March 31, 2010, plaintiff MobileMedia Ideas LLC (“MMI”) filed suit againSt
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`defendant Apple, Inc. (“defendant”), alleging infringement of a number of patents
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`including US. Patent No. RE 39,231 (“the ‘231 patent). As part of an extensive motion
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`practice, on November 8, 2012, the courtconstrued'the relevant claim terms of the ‘231
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`patent and granted summaryjudgment of noninfringement in favor of defendant.
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`(D.|.
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`461 at 45) The court denied reconsideration (D.l. 539, 540), and the parties went to trial
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`on the other patents—in-suit in December 2012. (See, e.g., D.|. 506 (verdict sheet))
`After post—trial briefing, and the court’s memorandum opinion and order (D.l. 539, 540),
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`the parties appealed to the Federal Circuit.
`(D.l. 548, 550) The Federal Circuit
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`construed the ‘231 patent and vacated and remanded the court’s finding of
`noninfringement. MobileMedia Ideas LLC v. Apple Inc., 780 F.3d 1159, 1181 (Fed. Cir.
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`2015) (“Consistent with the specification, ‘controlling the alert sound generator to
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`change a volume of the generated alert sound’ by the ‘control means’ encompasses
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`both stopping and reducing the volume of the alert sound as recited in dependent
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`claims 2 and 3, respectively.”). The court held a five-dayjury trial from September 12-
`18, 2016 on infringement, validity, and damages of claims 12 and 2 of the ‘231 patent.
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`On September 20, 2016, the jury returned a verdict that defendant’s iPhone infringes
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`claims 12 and 2 of the ‘231 patent.
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`(D.l. 704 at 2) The jury determined that the
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`asserted claims are not invalid as obvious or'for indefiniteness.
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`(D.l. 704 at 2-3) As a
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`consequenCe of this infringement, the jury awarded MMI damages of $3 million.
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`(D.l.
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`704 at 4) After‘post-trial briefing was complete, Ironworks Patents LLC (“Ironworks”)
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`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 3 of 31 PageID #: 30043
`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 3 of 31 PagelD #: 30043
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`acquired rights in the ‘231 patent and was substituted as the plaintiff; MMI withdrew
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`from this matter.1 (D.l. 734)
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`Presently before the court are the following motions:
`(1) lronworks’ renewed
`motion forjudgment as a matter of law or motion for a new trial with respect to damages
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`(D.l. 712); (2) lronworks’ motion for an award of prejudgment and postjudgment interest
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`(D1. 713); and (3) defendant’s renewed motion forjudgment as a matter of law or
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`motion for anew trial with respect to validity, infringement, and damages (D.l. 714).
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`The court has jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331 and 1338(a).
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`ll. BACKGROUND
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`The ‘231 patent, entitled “Communication Terminal Equipment and Call Incoming
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`Control Method,” was filed under US. Application No. 09/571,650 on December 13,
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`1995, claiming priority to an application filed in Japan on December 19, 1994. The ‘231
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`patent originally issued on November 30, 1998 as U.S. Patent No. 5,995,852 and was
`reissued on August 8, 2006. As part of related litigation against other defendants in
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`other courts, on February 10, 2011, Research In Motion, Ltd. requested an ex par/e
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`reexamination of the ‘231 patent.2 In a reexamination certificate that issued April 3,
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`2012, claims 1, 11, 13-16, and 18-23 were cancelled; claims 2—4,‘ 8, 12, and 17 were
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`amended and determined to be patentable; claims 5-7, 9 and 10 were determined to be I
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`patentable as dependent on an amended claim, and new claims 24-29 were determined
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`to be patentable.
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`(‘231 patent, ex parte reexamination certificate at 1:20-29)
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`The patent teaches communication terminal equipment and a method for
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`stopping or reducing the volume of an alert sound for an incoming call on a telephone.
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`1 The court refers to MW and lronworks collectively as (“plaintiff’) except where a
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`specific reference'(e.g. “an MMI employee” and “an MMI -license”)-is necessary.
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`2 See File Wrapper, U.S. Application No. 90/011,482, “Receipt of Orig. Ex Parte
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`Request by Third Party” (Feb. 10, 2011).
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`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 4 of 31 PageID #: 30044
`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 4 of 31 PagelD #: 30044
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`(‘231 patent, abstract) Conventionally, a “call incoming on a telephone is informed by
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`means of an alert sound," but the alert sound “does not stop ringing before a user
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`effects [a] next operation.” (‘231 patent, 1:17-20) A user who cannot respond to a call
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`incoming has only the Option to forcibly disconnect the incoming call, turn off the
`telephone, or allow the alert sound to continue ringing.~ (‘231 patent, 1:20-25) The first
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`two options, forcibly disconnecting the incoming call or turning offthe telephone, may
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`give the person on the call origination side an “unpleasant feeling because [he or she]
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`can notice that the circuit was broken off intentionally" or may give the person the
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`impression that the telephone network has failed.
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`(‘231 patent, 1:26-30, 39-42)
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`Moreover, a user who turns off the power may forget to turn the power back on and
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`miss the next incoming call.
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`(‘231 patent, 1:37-39) On the other hand, the third option,
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`allowing the alert sound to continue ringing, may disturb the user or other persons in the
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`(‘231 patent, 1:3—33)
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`In light of these problems, the invention aims “to provide a communication
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`terminal equipment which is superior in selecting and handling properties for users .
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`(‘231 patent, 1:43-46)
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`it teaches a telephone in which an alert sound muting or volume
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`reducing function is allotted to a key.
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`(‘231 patent, 2:2-5; 4:40-42; 5:12-17) When the
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`telephone receives an incoming call, the user can use a predetermined operation, such
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`as depressing a key for a short time, to prompt the “alert on/off controller” to st0p
`generation of the‘alert sound. (231 patent, 3:36-48) Alternatively, the alert sound may
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`be reduced.
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`(‘231 patent, 4:40-42)
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`Claims 2, 3, 4, and 12 are at issue. During reexamination, claim 12 was
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`amended to recite as follows:
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`12. A communication terminal for informing a user of a received call
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`from a remote caller by an alert sound, comprising:
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`an alert sound generator for generating the alert sound when the call is
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`received from the remote caller;
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`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 5 of 31 PageID #: 30045
`Case 1:10-cv-00258—SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 5 of 31 PagelD #: 30045
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`control means for controlling said alert sound generator; and
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`means for specifying a predetermined operation by the user,
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`wherein when said alert sound generator is generating the alert sound
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`. and said means for specifying said predetermined operation is
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`operated by the user, said control means controls said alert sound
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`generator to change a volume of the generated alert sound only for
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`the received call, without affecting the volume of the alert sound for
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`future received calls, while leaving a call ringing state, as perceived
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`by the remote caller, of the call to the terminal from the remote caller
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`further comprising:
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`RF signal processing means for transmitting and/or receiving radio
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`waves; and
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`an antenna for transmitting and/or receiving said radio waves, wherein
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`said communication status between said apparatus and said remote
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`caller is established by said transmitted and/or received radio waves.
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`(‘231 patent, ex parte reexamination certificate, 2:11-39)
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`Reexamined claims 2, 3, and 4 are all dependent from claim 12. Reexamined
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`claim 2 adds the limitation that the “control means controls the state of said alert sound
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`generator to stop the sound.” Reexamined claim 3 adds the limitation that the alert
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`sound generator reduces the volume of the sound. Finally, reexamined claim 4 adds
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`the limitation “where said predetermined operation is an operation depressing a
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`predetermined operation key."
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`Ill. STANDARD OF REVIEW
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`A. Renewed Motion for Judgment as a Matter of Law
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`' The Federal Circuit “review[s] a district court’s denial of judgment as a matter of
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`law under the law of the regional circuit. WBIP, LLC v. Kohler C0,, 1829 F.3d 1317, 1325
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`(Fed. Cir. 2016) (citation omitted).
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`In the Third Circuit, a “court may grant a judgment as
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`a matter of law contrary to the verdict only if ‘the record is critically deficient of the
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`minimum quantum of evidence’ to sustain the verdict.” Acumed LLC v. Advanced
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`Surgical Servs., Inc., 561 F.3d 199, 211 (3d Cir. 2009) (citing Gomez v. Allegheny
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`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 6 of 31 PageID #: 30046
`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 6 of 31 PagelD #: 30046
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`Health Sen/s, Inc., 71 F.3d 1079, .1083 (3d Cir. 1995)); see also McKenna v. City of
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`Philadelphia, 649 F.3d 171, 176 (3d Cir. 2011). The court should grantjudgment as a
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`matter of law “sparingly,” and “only if, viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to
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`the nonmovant and giving it the advantage of every fair and reasonable inference, there
`is insufficient evidence from which a jury reasonably could find liability.” Marra v.
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`Philadelphia Hous Auth., 497 F.3d 286, 300 (3d Cir. 2007) (citing Moyer v. United
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`Dominion Indus, Inc., 473 F.3d 532, 545 n.8 (3d Cir. 2007)). “In performing this narrow
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`inquiry, [the court] must refrain from weighing the evidence, determining the credibility of
`witnesses, or substituting [its] own version of the facts for that of the jury.
`Id. (citing
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`Lightning Lube, Inc. v. Witco Corp., 4 F.3d 1153, 1166 (3d Cir. 1993)). Judgment as a
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`~matter of law may be appropriate when there is “a purely legal basis” for reversal "that
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`does not depend on rejecting the jury’s findings on the evidence at trial.” Acumed, 561
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`F.3d at 211.
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`B. Motion for a New Trial
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`Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 59(a) provides, in pertinent part:
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`A new trial may be granted to all or any of. the parties and on all or part of
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`the issues in an action in which there has been a trial by jury, for any of
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`the reasons for which new trials have heretofore been granted in actions
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`at law in the courts of the United States.
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`Fed. R. Civ. P. 59(a). The decision to grant or deny a new trial is within the sound
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`discretion of the trial court and, unlike the standard for determining judgment as a
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`matter of law, the court need not view the evidence in the light most favorable to the ,
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`verdict winner. See Allied Chem. Corp. v. Daiflon, Inc., 449 US. 33, 36 (1980); Leonard
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`v. Stemtech Int’l Inc, 834 F.3d 376, 386 (3d Cir. 2016) (citing Olefins Trading, Inc. v.
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`Han Yang Chem. Corp., 9 F.3d 282 (3d Cir. 1993)); LifeScan Inc. v. Home Diagnostics,
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`Inc., 103 F. Supp. 2d 345, 350 (D. Del. 2000) (citations omitted); see also 9A Wright &
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`Miller, Federal Practice and Procedure § 2531 (2d ed. 1994) (“On a motion for new trial
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`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 7 of 31 PageID #: 30047
`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 7 of 31 PagelD #: 30047
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`the court may consider the credibility of witnesses and the weight of the evidence").
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`Among the most common reasons for granting a new trial are: (1) the jury’s verdict is
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`against the clear weight of the evidence, and a new trial must be granted to prevent a
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`miscarriage ofjustice; (2) newly-discovered evidence exists that would likely alter the
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`outcome of the trial; (3) improper conduct by an attorney or the court unfairly influenced
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`the verdict; or (4) thejury’s verdict was facially inconsistent. See Zarow—Smith v. NJ.
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`Transit Rail Operations, 953 F. Supp. 581, 584-85 (D.N.J. 1997) (citations omitted).
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`The court must proceed cautiously, mindful that it should not simply substitute its own -
`judgment of the facts and the credibility of the Witnesses for those of the jury. Rather,
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`the court should grant a new trial “only when the great weight of the evidence cuts
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`against the verdict and a miscarriage of justice would result if the verdict were to stand.”
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`Leonard, 834 F.3d at 386 (citing Springer v. Henry, 435 F.3d 268, 274 (3d Cir. 2006)
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`and Williamson v. Consol. Rail Corp., 926 'F.2d 1344, 1352-53 (3d Cir. 1991)) (internal
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`quotation marks omitted).
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`IV. DISCUSSION
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`A. Defendant’s Renewed JMOL — Liability
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`Defendant argues that “JMOL of noninfringement should be granted because no
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`reasonable jury could have found that the accused iPhones literally infringe claims 12
`and 2 of the ‘231 patent.” (D..l. 717 at 12)
`In support,defendant contends that:
`(1) the
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`‘_‘alert sound generator” as construed under § 112, TI 6, requires plaintiff to show “that
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`the accused iPhones contain structures identical to the structure disclosed in the ‘231
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`patent;” (2) plaintiff did not provide sufficient evidenCe of infringement of the “control
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`means” limitation; and (3) plaintiff’s expert only testified as to the iPhone 368 and did'
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`not present sufficient evidence of infringement by the other accused iPhone products.
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`(D.|. 717 at 12-13)
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`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 8 of 31 PageID #: 30048
`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 8 of 31 PagelD #: 30048
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`1. Standard
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`A patent is infringed when a person “without authority makes, uses or sells any
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`patented invention, within the United States .
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`. during the term of the patent.” 35
`U.S.C. § 271(a). To prove direct infringement, the patentee must establish that one or
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`more claims of the patent read on the accused device literally or under the doctrine of
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`equivalents. Advanced Cardiovascular Sys., Inc. v. Scimed Life Sys., Inc., 261 F.3d
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`1329, 1336 (Fed. Cir. 2001). A two-step analysis is employed in making an
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`infringement determination. Markman v. Westview Instruments, Inc., 52 F.3d 967, 976
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`(Fed. Cir. 1995), aff’d, 517 US. 370 (1996). First, the court must construe the asserted
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`claims to ascertain their meaning and scope, a question of law.
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`Id. at 976-77; see also
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`Teva Pharms. USA, Inc. v. Sandoz, Inc., _ U.S. _, 135 S. Ct. 831, 837 (2015). The
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`trier of fact must then compare the properly construed claims with the accused infringing
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`product. See Markman, 52 F.3d at 976. This second step is a question of fact.
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`Spectrum Pharm., Inc. v. Sandoz Inc., 802'F.3d 1326, 1337 (Fed. Cir. 2015) (citing Bai
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`v. L 8. L Wings, Inc., 160 F.3d 1350, 1353 (Fed. Cir. 1998)).
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`“Direct infringement requires a party to perform each and every step or element
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`of a claimed method or product.” Exergen Corp. v. Wal—Mart Stores, Inc., 575 F.3d
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`1312, 1320 (Fed. Cir. 2009) (quoting BMC Res, Inc. v. Paymentech, L.P., 498 F.3d
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`1373, 1378 (Fed. Cir. 2007)). “If any claim limitation is absent .
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`., there is no literal
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`infringement as a matter of law.” BayerAG v. Elan Pharm. Research Corp., 212 F.3d
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`1241, 1247 (Fed. Cir. 2000).
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`If an accused product does not infringe an independent
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`claim, it also does not infringe any claim depending thereon. Ferring B.V. v. Watson
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`Labs, Ina-Florida, 764 F.3d 1401, 1411 (Fed. Cir. 2014) (citing Wahpeton Canvas Co.,
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`Inc. v. Frontier, Inc., 870 F.2d 1546, 1552 (Fed. Cir. 1989) (“One who does not infringe
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`an independent claim cannot infringe a claim dependent on (and thus containing all the
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`limitations of) that claim.")). However, “[o]ne may infringe an independent claim and not
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`

`

`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 9 of 31 PageID #: 30049
`Case 1:10-cv-00258—SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 9 of 31 PagelD #: 30049
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`infringe a claim dependent on that claim." Monsanto Co. v. Syngenta Seeds, Inc., 503
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`F.3d 1352, 1359 (Fed. Cir. 2007) (quoting Wahpeton Canvas, 870 F.2d at 1552)
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`(internal quotations omitted). The patent owner has the burden of proving literal
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`infringement by a preponderance of the evidence. Octane Fitness, 134 S. Ct. at 1758.
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`2. All accused iPhone products
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`Defendant argues that plaintiff “presented no evidence at trial that the accused
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`products perform the claimed functions of generating an alertsound and stopping the
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`alert sound using structures identical to any structure disclosed in the ‘231 Patent
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`specification.” (D.l. 717 at 13, citing Enfish, LLC v. Microsoft Corp., 822 F.3d 1327,
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`1345—46 (Fed. Cir. 2016))
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`a. “Alert sound generator”
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`Defendant argues that plaintiff “presented no evidence that the iPhone’s
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`components are identical to the ‘alert sound generator 13’ in Figure 2 of the ‘231
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`patent." (D.l. 717 at 13) The court construed “an alert sound generator for generating
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`the alert sound when the call is received from the remote caller” under § 112, 11 6, and
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`identified that “[t]he function is generating the alert sound when the call is received from
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`the remote caller" and “[t]he structure is an alert sound generator (such as the alert
`sound generator 13 in the ‘231 patent.” (D.l. 703 at 19 (emphasis omitted» Defendant
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`.
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`repeatedly sought to limit the construction to item 13 in figure 2, and the court
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`disagreed. (See, e.g., D.l. 739 at 94124—23) This motion is essentially a request for
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`reconsideration.
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`i. Standard
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`A motion for reconsideration is the “functional equivalent" of a motion to alter or
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`amend judgment under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 59(e). See Jones v. Pittsburgh
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`Nat’l Corp., 899 F.2d 1350, 1352 (3d Cir. 1990) (citing Fed. Kemper Ins. Co. v.
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`

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`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 10 of 31 PageID #: 30050
`Case 1:10-cv-00258—SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 10 of 31 PagelD #: 30050
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`Rauscher, 807 F.2d 345, 348 (3d Cir. 1986)). The standard for obtaining relief under
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`Rule 59(e) is difficult to meet. The purpose of a motion for reconsideration is to “correct
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`manifest errors of law or fact or to present newly discovered evidence.” Max’s Seafood
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`Cafe ex rel. Lou-Ann, Inc. v. Quinteros, 176 F.3d 669, 677 (3d Cir. 1999). A court
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`should exercise its discretion to alter or amend its judgment only if the movant
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`demonstrates one of the following:
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`(1) a change in the controlling law; (2) a need to
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`correct a clear error of law or fact or to prevent manifest injustice; or (3) availability of
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`new evidence not available when the judgment was granted. See id. A motion for
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`reconsideration is not properly grounded on a request that a court rethink a decision
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`already made and may not be used “as a means to argue new facts or issues that
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`inexcusably were not presented to the court in the matter previously decided.”
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`Brambles USA, Inc. v. Blocker, 735 F. Supp. 1239, 1240 (D. Del. 1990); see also
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`Glendon Energy Co. v. Borough of Glendon, 836 F. Supp. 1109, 1122 (ED. Pa. 1993).
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`ii. Analysis
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`Defendant argues that plaintiff “can establish infringement only by proving that
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`the accused iPhones contain structures identical to the structure disclosed in the ‘231
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`patent specification.
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`(D.l. 717 at 12) Defendant presents no new evidence to support
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`its argument, identifies no changes in the law, and addresses no clear errors of law or
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`fact in the court’s construction. Max’s Seafood Cafe, 176 F.3d at 677. Therefore, the
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`court denies defendant’s motion for reconsideration.
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`b. “Control means”
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`Plaintiff presented testimony from Sigurd Meldal, PhD (“Dr. Meldal”) in which he
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`opined that, in the accused iPhone products, the “control means” limitation is met by the
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`CPU running software and the “L61” audio interface.
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`(D.l. 737 at 412:18—413:23;'see
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`also D.l. 740 at 1080:8—1081:10, 1134:1-10) Defendant’s expert, Ravin Balakrishnan,
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`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 11 of 31 PageID #: 30051
`Case 1:10-cv-00258—SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 11 of 31 PagelD #: 30051
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`PhD (“‘Dr. Balakrishnan”), opined that “the accused iPhones do not have the control
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`means element.” (D.l. 739 at 842:2-8)
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`Defendant argues that “[w]ith respect to the ‘control means,’ [plaintiff] failed to
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`present any evidence that the accused iPhones include a structure identical to the
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`structure disclosed in the specification—a CPU and an alert sound generator on/off
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`controller.” (D.|. 717 at 14) Thejury was instructed that “control means for controlling
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`said alert sound generator” is construed under § 112, 1] 6, “[t]he function is controlling
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`the alert sound generator to change a volume of the generated alert sound,” and “[t]he
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`structure is CPU and alert sound generator on/off controller.” (D.l. 703 at 19 (emphasis
`omitted)) Dr. Meldal expressed the opinion that the CPU, software, and the L61 audio
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`is the structure that performs the identified function. Dr. Balakrishnan disagreed. The
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`jury credited the testimony of Dr. Meldal over that of Dr. Balakrishnan. The court
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`declines to re-weigh the evidence or the credibility of the witnesses. Viewing the record
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`in the light most favorable to plaintiff, substantial evidence supports the jury’s verdict.
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`For these reasons, defendant’s renewed motion for JMOL is denied.
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`3.
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`iPhone 3G, iPhone 4 GSM, and iPhone 4 CDMA
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`Defendant presents numerous overlapping arguments as to liability on the
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`iPhone 3G, iPhone 4 GMS, and iPhone 4 CDMA.
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`(D.l. 717 at 16-17) With respect to
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`the “alert sound generator” term, the court declines to reconsider defendant’s
`duplicative arguments as to these three accused devices. Defendant argues that “for
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`the limitation ‘[wherein] said call ringing state between said apparatus and said remote
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`caller is established by said transmitted and/or received radio waves,’ Dr. Meldal relied
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`exclusively on the iPhone 3GS’s practice of the GSM standard.” (D.l. 717 at 17 (citing
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`D.l. 737 at 424:20-425:4)) Defendant contends that plaintiff “presented no infringement
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`evidence for any CDMA product.” (D.l. 717 at 17) Dr. Meldal [expressed the opinion
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`that, for limitation
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`the iPhone 3G and the iPhone 4 (CDMA and GSM) contain the
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`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 12 of 31 PageID #: 30052
`Case 1:10-cv-00258—SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 12 of 31 PagelD #: 30052
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`same limitation “for the same reasons if not exactly the same hardware.”3 (D.l. 737 at
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`426:6-10) Dr. Meldal performed a limitation-by—limitation analysis of the iPhone 3G8 as
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`compared to claims 12 and 2 of the ‘231 patent.
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`(D:l. 737 at 40721—40822, 41012-21,
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`411:1-41222, 412:18—413:23, 416:17-417218, 418:2-421z16, 421':20-422:20, 423:3-425:4,
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`426,:11-20) Dr. Meldal addressed the comparisons between the iPhone 3G8 and the
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`other accused iPhone products on a limitation—by-limitation basis.
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`(D.l. 737 at 409:1-3,
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`412213—17,416:13-16,417:19-23,421217-19,422:21-423:2,426:6-10,426:21-23) The
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`jury credited the testimony of Dr. Meldal and concluded that the iPhone 3G, iPhone 4 ‘
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`GSM, and iPhone 4 CDMA infringe the claims. The court declines to reiweigh the
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`evidence or the credibility of the witnesses. Viewing the record in the light most
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`favorable to plaintiff, substantial evidence supports the jury’s verdict. For these
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`reasons, defendant’s renewed motion for JMOL is denied.
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`4. New trial — liability
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`In the alternative, defendant requests a new trial on liability should the court deny
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`the renewed motion for JMOL.
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`(D.l 717 at 20) Defendant’s request is premised on the
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`same arguments as its renewed motion for JMOL with respect to liability.
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`(/d.)
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`Defendant asks the court to exercise its own judgment in assessing the evidence, and
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`reach the opposite conclusion as the jury.
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`(/d.) For the reasons discussed above, the
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`jury’s verdict is not against the clear weight of the evidence, therefore, the court denies
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`defendant’s request for a new trial on liability.
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`B. Defendant’s Renewed JMOL — Validity
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`Defendant has moved for a JMOL that the ‘231 patent is invalid on three
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`grounds:
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`indefiniteness, obviousness, and lack of written description.
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`(D.l 717 at 3)
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`3 Defendant argues that this type of opinion testimony is insufficient evidence of
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`infringement.
`(D.l. 717 at 16-17)
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`11
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`Case 1:10-cv-00258-SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 13 of 31 PageID #: 30053
`Case 1:10-cv-00258—SLR Document 748 Filed 06/14/17 Page 13 of 31 PagelD #: 30053
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`Plaintiff responds that defendant is “reargu[