Case 1:19-cv-00859-RTH Document 82-9 Filed 04/29/22 Page 1 of 4
`Case 1:19-cv-00859-RTH Document 82-9 Filed 04/29/22 Page 1 of 4
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`Case 1:19-cv-00859-RTH Document 82-9 Filed 04/29/22 Page 2 of 4
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`Case 1:19-cv-00859-RTH Document 82-9 Filed 04/29/22 Page 3 of 4
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`PUBLISHED BY
`Microsoft Press
`A Division of Microsoft Corporation
`One Microsoft Way
`Redmond, Washington 98052-6399
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`Copyright © 1999 by Microsoft Corporation
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`All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
`or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`Microsoft Computer Dictionary. -- 4th ed.
`p. cm.
`Previous eds. published under title: Microsoft Press computer
`dictionary
`ISBN 0-7394-0880-1
`1. Computers Dictionaries. 2. Microcomputers Dictionaries.
`I. Microsoft Press computer dictionary.
`QA76.15.M538 1999
`004'.03--dc21
`
`99-20168
`CIP
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`Printed and bound in the United States of America.
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`Distributed in Canada by Penguin Books Canada Limited.
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`A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
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`Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. For further information
`about international editions, contact your local Microsoft Corporation office or contact Microsoft Press
`International directly at fax (425) 936-7329. Visit our Web site at mspress.microsoft.com.
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`Macintosh, Power Macintosh, QuickTime, and TrueType fonts are registered trademarks of Apple Computer,
`Inc. Kodak is a registered trademark of the Eastman Kodak Company. Intel is a registered trademark and Indeo
`is a trademark oflntel Corporation. Active Desktop, Active Directory, ActiveMovie, Active Platform, ActiveX,
`Authenticode, BackOffice, Directlnput, DirectX, Microsoft, Microsoft Press, MS-DOS, MSN, NetMeeting,
`NetShow, Visual Basic, Visual C++, Visual J++, WebTV, WebTV Network, Win32, Win32s, Windows,
`Windows NT, and XENIX are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the
`United States and/or other countries. PANTONE is a registered trademark of Pantone, Inc. Other product and
`company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
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`The example companies, organizations, products, people, and events depicted herein are fictitious. No associa(cid:173)
`tion with any real company, organization, product, person, or event is intended or should be inferred.
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`Case 1:19-cv-00859-RTH Document 82-9 Filed 04/29/22 Page 4 of 4
`margin
`
`~ 111
`
`1•1
`
`,.,,
`11i'Jt,,,"
`
`'i11;11il'I'
`
`disk drives that have been defined to the system and
`can be made active.
`margin n. In printing, those portions of a page-top,
`bottom, and sides-outside the main body of text.
`mark n. 1. In applications and data storage, a symbol
`or other device used to distinguish one item from
`others like it. 2. In digital transmission, the state of a
`communications line (positive or negative) corre(cid:173)
`sponding to a binary 1. In asynchronous serial com(cid:173)
`munications, a mark condition is the continuous
`transmission of binary 1 s to indicate when the line is
`idle (not carrying information). In asynchronous er(cid:173)
`ror checking, setting the parity bit to 1 in each group
`of transmitted bits is known as mark parity. See also
`parity. Compare space. 3. In optical sensing, a pencil
`line, as on a voting form or an IQ test, that can be
`recognized by an optical reader.
`marker n. 1. Part of a data communications signal
`that enables the communications equipment to recog(cid:173)
`nize the structure of the message. Examples are the
`start and stop bits that frame a byte in asynchronous
`serial communications. 2. A symbol that indicates a
`particular location on a display surface.
`Mark I n. 1. An electromechanical calculating ma(cid:173)
`chine designed in the late 1930s and early 1940s by
`Howard Aiken of Harvard University and built by
`IBM. Also called Automatic Sequence Controlled
`Calculator, Harvard Mark I. 2. The first fully elec(cid:173)
`tronic stored-program computer, designed and built
`at Manchester University in England. It successfully
`executed its first program in June 1948. 3. The first
`commercial computer, which was based on the
`Manchester Mark I and released in 1951.
`markup language n. A set of codes in a text file that
`instruct a computer how to format it on a printer or
`video display or how to index and link its contents.
`Examples of markup languages are Hypertext
`Markup Language (HTML) and Extensible Markup
`Language (XML), which are used in Web pages, and
`Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML),
`which is used for typesetting and desktop publishing
`purposes and in electronic documents. Markup lan(cid:173)
`guages of this sort are designed to enable documents
`and other files to be platform-independent and highly
`portable between applications. See also HTML,
`SGML,XML.
`marquee n. A nonstandard HTML extension that
`causes scrolling text to appear as part of a Web
`
`page. Currently, marquees are viewable only Wi
`Internet Explorer. See also HTML, Internet Ex(cid:173)
`plorer, Web page.
`mask n. 1. A binary value used to selectively scr
`out or let through certain bits in a data value. ~ :
`ing is performed by using a logical operator (AND
`OR, XOR, NOT) to combine the mask and the da~
`value. For example, the mask 00111111, when Q.Sed
`with the AND operator, removes (masks off) the tw
`
`uppermost bits in a data value but does not affect U:
`
`rest of the value .. See the illus~r~tion. See also lo~caf
`operator, mask bit. 2. In telev1s1on and display tech(cid:173)
`nology, a thin perforated sheet of metal or a close-s t
`series of metal strips on the surf ace of the screen ~t
`helps create a clear, sharp image by ensuring that the
`electron beam for a particular color (red, blue, or
`green) strikes only the phosphor it is intended to illu(cid:173)
`minate, while the phosphors for the other colors are
`shadowed by the mask. Three types of mask are in
`use: a shadow mask, with round perforations; an lll?(cid:173)
`erture grill, with vertical stripes; and a slot mask
`with elliptical openings. See also aperture mask,'
`shadow mask, slot mask.
`
`11010101 Data value
`AND 00111111 Mask
`00010101 Resulting value
`
`Mask.
`
`maskable interrupt n. A hardware interrupt that can
`be temporarily disabled (masked) during periods
`when a program needs the full attention of the micro(cid:173)
`processor. See also external interrupt, hardware inter(cid:173)
`rupt, interrupt. Compare nonmaskable interrupt.
`mask bit n. A given bit within a binary mask whose
`function is to screen out or let through the corre(cid:173)
`sponding bit in a data value when the mask is used in
`an expression with a logical operator. See also mask
`(definition 1).
`masking n. The process of using the mask operation
`to perform operations on bits, bytes, or words of
`data. See also mask (definition 1).
`mask off vb. To use a mask to remove bits from a byte
`of data. See also mask (definition 1).
`massively parallel processing n. A computer archi(cid:173)
`tecture in which each of a large number of processors
`has its own RAM, which contains a copy of the oper(cid:173)
`ating system, a copy of the application code, and its
`own part of the data, on which that processor works
`
`282
`
`