throbber
Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 1 of 36
`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 1 of 36
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`EXHIBIT 2
`EXHIBIT 2
`
`

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`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 2 of 36
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`EXHIBIT 2
`
`The following tables compare the allegedly representative Claim 1 of U.S. Patent 8,630,234 (“the ‘234 Patent”) against other
`independent claims of the ‘234 and ‘721 Patents.
`
`A.
`
`B.
`C.
`
`D.
`E.
`F.
`G.
`H.
`I.
`J.
`K.
`L.
`M.
`N.
`O.
`P.
`
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘234 Patent, Claim 11 (Mobile Telephone Apparatus Means Plus
`Function)
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘234 Patent, Claim 20 (Mobile Telephone Apparatus)
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘234 Patent, Claim 29 (Mobile Telephone Computer Readable
`Media)
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘234 Patent, Claim 30 (Server Method)
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘234 Patent, Claim 46 (Server System Means Plus Function)
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘234 Patent, Claim 62 (Server System)
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘234 Patent, Claim 78 (Server System Computer Readable Media)
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘721 Patent, Claim 1 (Wireless Device Method)
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘721 Patent, Claim 20 (Wireless Apparatus Means Plus Function)
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘721 Patent, Claim 38 (Wireless Apparatus)
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘721 Patent, Claim 50 (Wireless Device Computer Readable Media)
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘721 Patent, Claim 51 (Server Method)
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘721 Patent, Claim 77 (Server Apparatus Means Plus Function)
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘721 Patent, Claim 103 (Server Apparatus)
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘721 Patent, Claim 129 (Server Computer Readable Media)
`‘234 Patent, Claim 1 (Mobile Telephone Method) vs. ‘721 Patent, Claim 130 (Server Method)
`
`1
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 3 of 36
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`Claim elements which do not appear to correspond to anything in the allegedly representative Claim 1 or the ‘234 or ’721 patent claim
`being compared are labeled as “[n/a]” (“not applicable”).
`
`Yellow represents elements of the allegedly representative Claim 1 that are not present in the ‘234 or ’721 patent claim being
`compared.
`
`Red represents elements of the ‘234 or ’721 patent claim being compared that are not present in the allegedly representative Claim 1.
`
`
`
`A. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 1
`1. A method of roaming with a mobile telephone, the method
`comprising:
`
`receiving, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`
`transmitting an access code request message to an access server
`to seek an access code from a pool of access codes wherein each
`access code in said pool of access codes identifies a respective
`telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network address that
`enables a local call to be made to call the callee identified by the
`callee identifier, said access code request message including said
`callee identifier and a location identifier separate and distinctive
`
`A. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 11
`11. A mobile telephone apparatus comprising:
`
`means for receiving, from a user of the mobile telephone, a
`callee identifier associated with the callee;
`
`transmitting means for transmitting an access code request
`message to an access server to seek an access code from a pool
`of access codes wherein each access code in said pool of access
`codes identifies a respective telephone number or Internet
`Protocol (IP) network address that enables a local call to be
`made to call the callee identified by the callee identifier, said
`access code request message including said callee identifier and
`
`2
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 4 of 36
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`from said callee identifier, said location identifier identifying a
`location of the mobile telephone;
`
`
`receiving an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said
`callee identifier and associated with said location identifier
`and/or associated with a location pre-associated with the mobile
`telephone and wherein said access code expires after a period of
`time; and
`
`initiating a call with the mobile telephone using said access code
`to identify the callee.
`
`
`
`
`B. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 1
`1. A method of roaming with a mobile telephone, the method
`comprising:
`
`[n/a]
`
`a location identifier separate and distinctive from said callee
`identifier, said location identifier identifying a location of the
`mobile telephone;
`
`means for receiving an access code reply message from the
`access server in response to said access code request message,
`said access code reply message including an access code
`different from said callee identifier and associated with said
`location identifier and/or associated with a location pre-
`associated with the mobile telephone and wherein said access
`code expires after a period of time; and
`
`means for initiating a call using said access code to identify the
`callee.
`
`
`B. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 20
`20. A mobile telephone apparatus comprising:
`
`a processor circuit;
`
`3
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 5 of 36
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`receiving, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`
`transmitting an access code request message to an access server
`to seek an access code from a pool of access codes wherein each
`access code in said pool of access codes identifies a respective
`telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network address that
`enables a local call to be made to call the callee identified by the
`callee identifier, said access code request message including said
`callee identifier and a location identifier separate and distinctive
`from said callee identifier, said location identifier identifying a
`location of the mobile telephone;
`
`
`receive, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`a network interface in communication with said processor
`circuit; and
`
`a computer readable medium in communication with said
`processor circuit and encoded with codes for directing said
`processor circuit to:
`
`receive, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`
`cause an access code request message to be transmitted to an
`access server to seek an access code from a pool of access codes
`wherein each access code in said pool of access codes identifies
`a respective telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network
`address that enables a local call to be made to call the callee
`identified by the callee identifier, said access code request
`message including said callee identifier and a location identifier
`separate and distinctive from said callee identifier, said location
`identifier identifying a location of the mobile telephone;
`
`4
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 6 of 36
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`receiving an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said
`callee identifier and associated with said location identifier
`and/or associated with a location pre-associated with the mobile
`telephone and wherein said access code expires after a period of
`time; and
`
`initiating a call with the mobile telephone using said access code
`to identify the callee.
`
`
`
`
`C. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 1
`1. A method of roaming with a mobile telephone, the method
`comprising:
`
`
`receiving, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`
`transmitting an access code request message to an access server
`to seek an access code from a pool of access codes wherein each
`
`receive an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said
`callee identifier and associated with said location identifier
`and/or associated with a location pre-associated with the mobile
`telephone and wherein said access code expires after a period of
`time; and
`
`initiate a call using said access code to identify the callee.
`
`C. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 29
`29. A non-transitory computer readable medium encoded with
`codes for directing a processor circuit to enable mobile
`telephone roaming, said codes being operable to direct the
`processor circuit to:
`receive, from a user of a mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with a callee;
`
`transmit an access code request message to an access server to
`seek an access code from a pool of access codes telephone
`
`5
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 7 of 36
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`access code in said pool of access codes identifies a respective
`telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network address that
`enables a local call to be made to call the callee identified by the
`callee identifier, said access code request message including said
`callee identifier and a location identifier separate and distinctive
`from said callee identifier, said location identifier identifying a
`location of the mobile telephone;
`
`receiving an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said
`callee identifier and associated with said location identifier
`and/or associated with a location pre-associated with the mobile
`telephone and wherein said access code expires after a period of
`time; and
`
`initiating a call with the mobile telephone using said access code
`to identify the callee.
`
`
`
`
`wherein each access code in said pool of access codes identifies
`a respective telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network
`address to enable a local call to be made to call the callee
`identified by the callee identifier, said access code request
`message including said callee identifier and a location identifier
`separate and distinctive from said callee identifier, said location
`identifier identifying a location of the mobile telephone;
`
`receive an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said
`callee identifier and associated with said callee location
`identifier and/or associated with a location pre-associated with
`the mobile telephone and wherein said access code expires after
`a period of time; and
`
`initiate a call using said access code to identify the callee.
`
`D. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 1
`
`D. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 30
`
`6
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 8 of 36
`
`1. A method of roaming with a mobile telephone, the method
`comprising:
`
`receiving, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`
`transmitting an access code request message to an access server
`to seek an access code from a pool of access codes wherein each
`access code in said pool of access codes identifies a respective
`telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network address that
`enables a local call to be made to call the callee identified by the
`callee identifier, said access code request message including said
`callee identifier and a location identifier separate and distinctive
`from said callee identifier, said location identifier identifying a
`location of the mobile telephone;
`
`[n/a]
`
`20. A method for enabling mobile telephone roaming, the
`method comprising:
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`receiving from the mobile telephone an access code request
`message including a callee identifier associated with the callee
`and a location identifier separate and distinctive from said callee
`identifier, identifying a location of the mobile telephone;
`
`
`7
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 9 of 36
`
`[n/a]
`
`
`
`receiving an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said
`callee identifier and associated with said location identifier
`and/or associated with a location pre-associated with the mobile
`telephone and wherein said access code expires after a period of
`time; and
`
`initiating a call with the mobile telephone using said access code
`to identify the callee.
`
`producing an access code identifying a communication channel
`based on said location identifier and/or based on a location pre-
`associated with the mobile telephone, said access code being
`different from the callee identifier and useable by the mobile
`telephone to initiate a call to the callee using the channel, and
`wherein said access code expires after a period of time and
`wherein producing said access code comprises selecting said
`access code from a pool of access codes, wherein each access
`code in said pool of access codes identifies a respective
`telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network address; and
`transmitting an access code reply message including said access
`code, to the mobile telephone.
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`8
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 10 of 36
`
`
`
`
`
`E. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 1
`1. A method of roaming with a mobile telephone, the method
`comprising:
`
`receiving, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`
`transmitting an access code request message to an access server
`to seek an access code from a pool of access codes wherein each
`access code in said pool of access codes identifies a respective
`telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network address that
`enables a local call to be made to call the callee identified by the
`callee identifier, said access code request message including said
`callee identifier and a location identifier separate and distinctive
`from said callee identifier, said location identifier identifying a
`location of the mobile telephone;
`
`[n/a]
`
`E. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 46
`46. A system for enabling mobile telephone roaming, the system
`comprising:
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`means for receiving from the mobile telephone an access code
`request message including a callee identifier associated with the
`
`9
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 11 of 36
`
`callee and a location identifier separate and distinctive from said
`callee identifier, identifying a location of the mobile telephone;
`
`means for producing an access code identifying a
`communication channel based on said location identifier and/or
`based on a location pre-associated with the mobile telephone,
`said access code being different from the callee identifier and
`useable by the mobile telephone to initiate a call to the callee
`using the channel, and wherein said access code expires after a
`period of time and wherein said means for producing said access
`code comprises means for selecting said access code from a pool
`of access codes wherein each access code in said pool of access
`codes identifies a respective telephone number or Internet
`Protocol (IP) network address; and
`
`means for transmitting an access code reply message including
`said access code to the mobile telephone.
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`
`
`receiving an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said
`callee identifier and associated with said location identifier
`
`10
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 12 of 36
`
`and/or associated with a location pre-associated with the mobile
`telephone and wherein said access code expires after a period of
`time; and
`
`initiating a call with the mobile telephone using said access code
`to identify the callee.
`
`
`[n/a]
`
`
`
`F. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 1
`1. A method of roaming with a mobile telephone, the method
`comprising:
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`F. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 62
`62. A system for enabling mobile telephone roaming, the system
`comprising:
`
`a processor circuit;
`
`a network interface in communication with said processor
`circuit; and
`
`a computer readable medium in communication with said
`processor circuit and encoded with codes for directing said
`processor circuit to:
`
`
`11
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 13 of 36
`
`receiving, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`
`transmitting an access code request message to an access server
`to seek an access code from a pool of access codes wherein each
`access code in said pool of access codes identifies a respective
`telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network address that
`enables a local call to be made to call the callee identified by the
`callee identifier, said access code request message including said
`callee identifier and a location identifier separate and distinctive
`from said callee identifier, said location identifier identifying a
`location of the mobile telephone;
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`receive from the mobile telephone an access code request
`message including a callee identifier associated with the callee
`and a location identifier separate and distinctive from said callee
`identifier, identifying a location of the mobile telephone;
`
`communicate with a routing controller to obtain from said
`routing controller an access code identifying a communication
`channel, said access code being determined from said location
`identifier and/or based on a location pre-associated with the
`
`12
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 14 of 36
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`mobile telephone and said access code being different from the
`callee identifier and useable by the mobile telephone to initiate a
`call to the callee using the channel, and wherein said access code
`expires after a period of time and wherein said access code is
`selected from a pool of access codes and wherein each access
`code in said pool of access codes identifies a respective
`telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network address; and
`cause an access code reply message including said access code
`to be transmitted to the mobile telephone.
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`receiving an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said
`callee identifier and associated with said location identifier
`and/or associated with a location pre-associated with the mobile
`telephone and wherein said access code expires after a period of
`time; and
`
`initiating a call with the mobile telephone using said access code
`to identify the callee.
`
`
`
`
`13
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 15 of 36
`
`G. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 1
`1. A method of roaming with a mobile telephone, the method
`comprising:
`
`
`receiving, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`
`transmitting an access code request message to an access server
`to seek an access code from a pool of access codes wherein each
`access code in said pool of access codes identifies a respective
`telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network address that
`enables a local call to be made to call the callee identified by the
`callee identifier, said access code request message including said
`callee identifier and a location identifier separate and distinctive
`from said callee identifier, said location identifier identifying a
`location of the mobile telephone;
`
`[n/a]
`
`G. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 78
`78. A non-transitory computer readable medium encoded with
`codes for directing a processor circuit to enable mobile
`telephone roaming, the codes being operable to direct the
`processor circuit to:
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`receive from the mobile telephone an access code request
`message including a callee identifier associated with the callee
`
`14
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 16 of 36
`
`and a location identifier separate and distinctive from said callee
`identifier, identifying a location of the mobile;
`communicate with a routing controller to obtain from said
`routing controller an access code identifying a communication
`channel, based on said location identifier and/or based on a
`location pre-associated with the mobile telephone, said access
`code being different from the callee identifier and useable by the
`mobile telephone to initiate a call to the callee using the channel,
`and wherein said access code expires after a period of time and
`wherein said access code is selected from a pool of access codes,
`wherein each access code in said pool of access codes identifies
`a respective telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network
`address; and
`cause an access code reply message including said access code
`to be transmitted to the mobile telephone.
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`
`
`receiving an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said
`callee identifier and associated with said location identifier
`and/or associated with a location pre-associated with the mobile
`telephone and wherein said access code expires after a period of
`time; and
`
`15
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 17 of 36
`
`
`initiating a call with the mobile telephone using said access code
`to identify the callee.
`
`
`[n/a]
`
`
`
`H. U.S. Patent 10,880,721, Claim 1
`1. A method of establishing communications between a wireless
`device and a destination node of a communications network, the
`method comprising:
`receiving from a user of the wireless device a destination node
`identifier associated with the destination node;
`
`transmitting an access code request message to an access server,
`the access code request message including the destination node
`identifier and a location identifier identifying a geographical
`location of the wireless device;
`
`H. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 1
`1. A method of roaming with a mobile telephone, the method
`comprising:
`
`receiving, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`
`transmitting an access code request message to an access server
`to seek an access code from a pool of access codes wherein each
`access code in said pool of access codes identifies a respective
`telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network address that
`enables a local call to be made to call the callee identified by the
`callee identifier, said access code request message including said
`callee identifier and a location identifier separate and distinctive
`from said callee identifier, said location identifier identifying a
`location of the mobile telephone;
`
`
`16
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 18 of 36
`
`receiving an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said
`callee identifier and associated with said location identifier
`and/or associated with a location pre-associated with the mobile
`telephone and wherein said access code expires after a period of
`time; and
`
`initiating a call with the mobile telephone using said access code
`to identify the callee.
`
`
`receiving an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to the access code request message, the access code
`reply message including an access code based on the location
`identifier in the access code request message, the access code
`identifying a communications channel on a gateway through
`which communications between the wireless device and the
`destination node can be conducted, the access code being
`distinct from the destination node identifier; and
`in response to receiving the access code reply message, causing
`the wireless device to use the access code received in the access
`code reply message to initiate communications from the wireless
`device to the destination node through the channel identified by
`the access code, wherein the access code is based on the location
`identifier transmitted in the access code request message and
`enables the communications to be established from the wireless
`device to the destination node through the channel on the
`gateway identified by the access code.
`
`
`
`
`I. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 1
`1. A method of roaming with a mobile telephone, the method
`comprising:
`
`I. U.S. Patent 10,880,721, Claim 20
`20. A wireless apparatus comprising:
`
`17
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 19 of 36
`
`
`receiving, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`
`
`transmitting an access code request message to an access server
`to seek an access code from a pool of access codes wherein each
`access code in said pool of access codes identifies a respective
`telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network address that
`enables a local call to be made to call the callee identified by the
`callee identifier, said access code request message including said
`callee identifier and a location identifier separate and distinctive
`from said callee identifier, said location identifier identifying a
`location of the mobile telephone;
`
`receiving an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said
`callee identifier and associated with said location identifier
`and/or associated with a location pre-associated with the mobile
`telephone and wherein said access code expires after a period of
`time; and
`
`means for receiving from a user of the wireless apparatus a
`destination node identifier associated with a destination node
`with which the user wishes to communicate;
`
`means for transmitting an access code request message to an
`access server, the access code request message including the
`destination node identifier and a location identifier identifying a
`geographical location of the wireless apparatus;
`
`means for receiving an access code reply message from the
`access server in response to the access code request message, the
`access code reply message including an access code based on the
`location identifier in the access code request message, the access
`code identifying a communications channel on a gateway
`through which communications between the wireless apparatus
`
`18
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 20 of 36
`
`
`
`initiating a call with the mobile telephone using said access code
`to identify the callee.
`
`
`
`
`J. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 1
`1. A method of roaming with a mobile telephone, the method
`comprising:
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`and the destination node can be conducted, the access code being
`distinct from the destination node identifier; and
`
`means for causing the wireless apparatus to establish
`communications with the destination node through the
`communications channel identified by the access code in the
`access code reply message, the access code being based on the
`location identifier transmitted in the access code request
`message.
`
`
`J. U.S. Patent 10,880,721, Claim 38
`38. A wireless apparatus comprising:
`
`a processor circuit comprising at least one processor;
`
`a network interface in communication with the processor circuit;
`and
`
`
`19
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 21 of 36
`
`[n/a]
`
`receiving, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`
`
`transmitting an access code request message to an access server
`to seek an access code from a pool of access codes wherein each
`access code in said pool of access codes identifies a respective
`telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network address that
`enables a local call to be made to call the callee identified by the
`callee identifier, said access code request message including said
`callee identifier and a location identifier separate and distinctive
`from said callee identifier, said location identifier identifying a
`location of the mobile telephone;
`
`receiving an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said
`callee identifier and associated with said location identifier
`
`a non-transitory computer readable medium having computer
`executable codes stored thereon for directing the processor
`circuit to:
`
`receive from a user of the wireless apparatus a destination node
`identifier associated with a destination node with which the user
`wishes to communicate;
`
`transmit an access code request message to an access server, the
`access code request message including the destination node
`identifier and a location identifier identifying a geographical
`location of the wireless apparatus;
`
`receive an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to the access code request message, the access code
`reply message including an access code based on the location
`identifier in the access code request message, the access code
`
`20
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 22 of 36
`
`and/or associated with a location pre-associated with the mobile
`telephone and wherein said access code expires after a period of
`time; and
`
`
`initiating a call with the mobile telephone using said access code
`to identify the callee.
`
`
`
`
`K. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 1
`1. A method of roaming with a mobile telephone, the method
`comprising:
`
`
`receiving, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`
`
`identifying a communications channel on a gateway through
`which communications between the wireless apparatus and the
`destination node can be conducted, the access code being
`distinct from the destination node identifier; and
`
`initiate communications from the wireless apparatus, via the
`network interface, using the access code based on the location
`identifier, to establish communications between the wireless
`apparatus and the destination node through the communications
`channel identified by the access code.
`
`
`K. U.S. Patent 10,880,721, Claim 50
`50. A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored
`thereon computer executable codes for directing a processor
`circuit of a wireless device to establish communications with a
`destination node on a network, the codes comprising codes for
`directing the processor circuit to:
`
`cause the wireless device to receive from a user of the wireless
`device a destination node identifier associated with the
`destination node;
`
`21
`
`

`

`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 62-3 Filed 03/20/23 Page 23 of 36
`
`transmitting an access code request message to an access server
`to seek an access code from a pool of access codes wherein each
`access code in said pool of access codes identifies a respective
`telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network address that
`enables a local call to be made to call the callee identified by the
`callee identifier, said access code request message including said
`callee identifier and a location identifier separate and distinctive
`from said callee identifier, said location identifier identifying a
`location of the mobile telephone;
`
`receiving an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said
`callee identifier and associated with said location identifier
`and/or associated with a location pre-associated with the mobile
`telephone and wherein said access code expires after a period of
`time; and
`
`
`
`cause the wireless device to transmit an access code request
`message to an access server, the access code request message
`including

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