Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 1 of 49
`Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 1 of 49
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`EXHIBIT 15
`EXHIBIT 15
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`Case 5:20-cv-02460-LHK Document 90-6 Filed 07/16/21 Page 1 of 48Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 2 of 49
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`EXHIBIT 5
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`

`

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`Case 5:20-cv-02460-LHK Document 90-6 Filed 07/16/21 Page 2 of 48Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 3 of 49
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`
`
`EXHIBIT 5
`The following tables compare claim 20 of U.S. Patent 8,630,234 (“the ’234 Patent”) and claim 38 of U.S. Patent 10,880,721 (“the
`’721 Patent”) against allegedly representative claims considered in Voip-Pal.Com, Inc. v. Apple Inc., 375 F. Supp. 3d 1110 (N.D. Cal.
`2019)) and 411 F. Supp. 3d 926 (N.D. Cal. 2019) and claims identified by Apple in Case No. 5:20-cv-02460-LHK.
`A.
`’234 Patent, claim 20 vs. ’606 Patent, claim 8: see 5:20-cv-02460, Dkt. 1 at ¶¶27, 35; 5:21-cv-05110, Dkt. 1 at ¶¶21, 68
`B.
`’721 Patent, claim 38 vs. ’606 Patent, claim 8: see 5:20-cv-02460, Dkt. 1 at ¶¶27, 35; 5:21-cv-05110, Dkt. 1 at ¶¶21, 68
`C.
`’234 Patent, claim 20 vs. ’606 Patent, claim 15: see 5:20-cv-02460, Dkt. 1 at ¶¶27, 35; 5:21-cv-05110, Dkt. 1 at ¶¶21, 68
`D.
`’721 Patent, claim 38 vs. ’606 Patent, claim 15: see 5:20-cv-02460, Dkt. 1 at ¶¶27, 35; 5:21-cv-05110, Dkt. 1 at ¶¶21, 68
`E.
`’234 Patent, claim 20 vs. ’872 Patent, claim 30: see 5:20-cv-02460, Dkt. 1 at ¶¶28, 46; 5:21-cv-05110, Dkt. 1 at ¶¶21, 68
`F.
`’721 Patent, claim 38 vs. ’872 Patent, claim 30: see 5:20-cv-02460, Dkt. 1 at ¶¶28, 46; 5:21-cv-05110, Dkt. 1 at ¶¶21, 68
`G.
`’234 Patent, claim 20 vs. ’815 Patent, claim 1:
`see 375 F. Supp. 3d 1110 (N.D. Cal. 2019) at pp.6-7
`H.
`’234 Patent, claim 20 vs. ’005 Patent, claim 74:
`see 375 F. Supp. 3d 1110 (N.D. Cal. 2019) at pp.7-8
`I.
`’234 Patent, claim 20 vs. ’002 Patent, claim 1:
`see 411 F. Supp. 3d 926 (N.D. Cal. 2019) at pp.19-23
`J.
`’234 Patent, claim 20 vs. ’002 Patent, claim 26:
`see 411 F. Supp. 3d 926 (N.D. Cal. 2019) at pp.27-29
`K.
`’234 Patent, claim 20 vs. ’549 Patent, claim 9:
`see 411 F. Supp. 3d 926 (N.D. Cal. 2019) at pp.23-27
`L.
`’234 Patent, claim 20 vs. ’762 Patent, claim 21:
`see 411 F. Supp. 3d 926 (N.D. Cal. 2019) at pp.29-31
`M.
`’721 Patent, claim 38 vs. ’815 Patent, claim 1:
`see 375 F. Supp. 3d 1110 (N.D. Cal. 2019) at pp.6-7
`N.
`’721 Patent, claim 38 vs. ’005 Patent, claim 74:
`see 375 F. Supp. 3d 1110 (N.D. Cal. 2019) at pp.7-8
`O.
`’721 Patent, claim 38 vs. ’002 Patent, claim 1:
`see 411 F. Supp. 3d 926 (N.D. Cal. 2019) at pp.19-23
`P.
`’721 Patent, claim 38 vs. ’002 Patent, claim 26:
`see 411 F. Supp. 3d 926 (N.D. Cal. 2019) at pp.27-29
`Q.
`’721 Patent, claim 38 vs. ’549 Patent, claim 9:
`see 411 F. Supp. 3d 926 (N.D. Cal. 2019) at pp.23-27
`R.
`’721 Patent, claim 38 vs. ’762 Patent, claim 21:
`see 411 F. Supp. 3d 926 (N.D. Cal. 2019) at pp.29-31
`Claim elements which do not appear to correspond to anything in the claim being compared are labeled as “[n/a]” (“not
`applicable”).
`
`Yellow represents elements in the ’234 or ’721 patent claims that are not present in the allegedly representative claims or the
`claims identified by Apple.
`Red represents elements in the allegedly representative claims or the claims identified by Apple that are not present in the ’234 or
`’721 patent claims.
`
`
`1
`
`

`

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`Case 5:20-cv-02460-LHK Document 90-6 Filed 07/16/21 Page 3 of 48Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 4 of 49
`
`A. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 20
`(see ’234 Patent at 36:29-56)
`
`
`
`20. A mobile telephone apparatus comprising:
`
`
`a processor circuit;
`
`a network interface in communication with said processor circuit;
`and
`
`a computer readable medium in communication with said
`processor circuit and encoded with codes for directing said
`processor circuit to:
`
`receive, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`
`
`cause an access code request message to be transmitted to an
`access server to seek an access code from a pool of access codes
`wherein each access code in said pool of access codes identifies a
`respective telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network
`address that enables a local call to be made to call the callee
`
`A. Claim 8 of U.S. Patent 10,218,606 (“the ’606 Patent”)
`(see ’606 Patent at 37:30-38:3, 38:46-62)
`
`[N.B.: Claim 8 incorporates claim 1:]
`
`1. A method for routing communications in a packet switched
`communication system between a first participant device
`associated with a first participant and a second participant device
`associated with a second participant, the first and second
`participant devices being associated with first and second network
`elements of the communication system, respectively, the method
`comprising:
`
`[see below]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`receiving, by at least one processor, a second participant identifier
`associated with the second participant device, in response to
`initiation of a communication from the first participant device to
`the second participant device, the first participant device being
`associated with a first participant identifier;
`
`[n/a]
`
`2
`
`

`

`
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`identified by the callee identifier, said access code request
`message including said callee identifier and a location identifier
`separate and distinctive from said callee identifier, said location
`identifier identifying a location of the mobile telephone;
`
`receive an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said callee
`identifier and associated with said location identifier and/or
`associated with a location pre-associated with the mobile
`telephone and wherein said access code expires after a period of
`time; and
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`initiate a call using said access code to identify the callee.
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`causing the at least one processor to access at least one memory
`storing a first participant profile identifying at least one first
`participant attribute;
`
`processing the second participant identifier and the at least one
`first participant attribute, using the at least one processor, to
`produce a new second participant identifier based on at least one
`match between the second participant identifier and the at least
`one first participant attribute;
`
`processing the new second participant identifier, using the at least
`one processor, to determine whether the second network element
`is the same as the first network element;
`
`[n/a]
`
`when the second network element is determined to be the same as
`the first network element, producing a routing message
`identifying a first network address associated with the first
`network element, using the at least one processor; and
`
`
`3
`
`

`

`
`
`Case 5:20-cv-02460-LHK Document 90-6 Filed 07/16/21 Page 5 of 48Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 6 of 49
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`
`
`
`
`
`when the second network element is determined not to be the
`same as the first network element, producing a routing message
`identifying a second network address associated with the second
`network element, using the at least one processor;
`
`wherein the packet switched communication system attempts to
`establish the communication from the first participant device to
`the second participant device based on at least one network
`address identified in the routing message.
`
`8. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
`(a) updating a database to cause at least one user-specific first
`participant attribute to be modified,
`
`(b) wherein the second participant identifier identifies a device in
`communication with a public switched telephone network
`(PSTN),
`
`(c) wherein the communication comprises a video or audio call,
`
`(d) wherein the packet switched communication system, including
`the first and second network elements, form a private network
`operably configured to provide communication services to
`subscribers thereof, and
`
`(e) wherein the at least one network element of the
`communication system comprises a call controller operable to
`establish the video or audio call to the second participant device in
`response to the routing message.
`
`
`4
`
`

`

`
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`Case 5:20-cv-02460-LHK Document 90-6 Filed 07/16/21 Page 6 of 48Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 7 of 49
`
`B. ’721 Patent, Claim 38
`(see ’721 Patent at 38:10-40)
`
`
`38. A wireless apparatus comprising:
`
`a processor circuit comprising at least one processor;
`
`a network interface in communication with the processor circuit;
`and
`
`a non-transitory computer readable medium having computer
`executable codes stored thereon for directing the processor circuit
`to:
`
`receive from a user of the wireless apparatus a destination node
`identifier associated with a destination node with which the user
`wishes to communicate;
`
`
`transmit an access code request message to an access server, the
`access code request message including the destination node
`identifier and a location identifier identifying a geographical
`location of the wireless apparatus;
`
`
`B. Claim 8 of U.S. Patent 10,218,606 (“the ’606 Patent”)
`(see ’606 Patent at 37:30-38:3, 38:46-62)
`[N.B.: Claim 8 incorporates claim 1:]
`
`1. A method for routing communications in a packet switched
`communication system between a first participant device
`associated with a first participant and a second participant device
`associated with a second participant, the first and second
`participant devices being associated with first and second network
`elements of the communication system, respectively, the method
`comprising:
`
`[see below]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`receiving, by at least one processor, a second participant identifier
`associated with the second participant device, in response to
`initiation of a communication from the first participant device to
`the second participant device, the first participant device being
`associated with a first participant identifier;
`
`[n/a]
`
`5
`
`

`

`
`
`Case 5:20-cv-02460-LHK Document 90-6 Filed 07/16/21 Page 7 of 48Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 8 of 49
`
`receive an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to the access code request message, the access code
`reply message including an access code based on the location
`identifier in the access code request message, the access code
`identifying a communications channel on a gateway through
`which communications between the wireless apparatus and the
`destination node can be conducted, the access code being distinct
`from the destination node identifier; and
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`initiate communications from the wireless apparatus, via the
`network interface, using the access code based on the location
`identifier, to establish communications between the wireless
`apparatus and the destination node through the communications
`channel identified by the access code.
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`causing the at least one processor to access at least one memory
`storing a first participant profile identifying at least one first
`participant attribute;
`
`processing the second participant identifier and the at least one
`first participant attribute, using the at least one processor, to
`produce a new second participant identifier based on at least one
`match between the second participant identifier and the at least
`one first participant attribute;
`
`processing the new second participant identifier, using the at least
`one processor, to determine whether the second network element
`is the same as the first network element;
`
`[n/a]
`
`when the second network element is determined to be the same as
`the first network element, producing a routing message
`identifying a first network address associated with the first
`network element, using the at least one processor; and
`
`6
`
`

`

`
`
`Case 5:20-cv-02460-LHK Document 90-6 Filed 07/16/21 Page 8 of 48Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 9 of 49
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`when the second network element is determined not to be the
`same as the first network element, producing a routing message
`identifying a second network address associated with the second
`network element, using the at least one processor;
`
`wherein the packet switched communication system attempts to
`establish the communication from the first participant device to
`the second participant device based on at least one network
`address identified in the routing message.
`
`8. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
`(a) updating a database to cause at least one user-specific first
`participant attribute to be modified,
`
`(b) wherein the second participant identifier identifies a device in
`communication with a public switched telephone network
`(PSTN),
`
`(c) wherein the communication comprises a video or audio call,
`
`(d) wherein the packet switched communication system, including
`the first and second network elements, form a private network
`operably configured to provide communication services to
`subscribers thereof, and
`
`(e) wherein the at least one network element of the
`communication system comprises a call controller operable to
`establish the video or audio call to the second participant device in
`response to the routing message.
`
`
`7
`
`

`

`
`
`Case 5:20-cv-02460-LHK Document 90-6 Filed 07/16/21 Page 9 of 48Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 10 of 49
`
`C. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 20
`(see ’234 Patent at 36:29-56)
`
`
`
`20. A mobile telephone apparatus comprising:
`
`
`a processor circuit;
`
`a network interface in communication with said processor circuit;
`and
`
`a computer readable medium in communication with said
`processor circuit and encoded with codes for directing said
`processor circuit to:
`
`receive, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`
`
`cause an access code request message to be transmitted to an
`access server to seek an access code from a pool of access codes
`wherein each access code in said pool of access codes identifies a
`respective telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network
`address that enables a local call to be made to call the callee
`
`C. Claim 15 of U.S. Patent 10,218,606 (“the ’606 Patent”)
`(see ’606 Patent at 37:30-38:3, 39:22-38)
`
`[N.B.: Claim 15 incorporates claim 1 and claim 14:]
`
`1. A method for routing communications in a packet switched
`communication system between a first participant device
`associated with a first participant and a second participant device
`associated with a second participant, the first and second
`participant devices being associated with first and second network
`elements of the communication system, respectively, the method
`comprising:
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`receiving, by at least one processor, a second participant identifier
`associated with the second participant device, in response to
`initiation of a communication from the first participant device to
`the second participant device, the first participant device being
`associated with a first participant identifier;
`
`[n/a]
`
`8
`
`

`

`
`
`Case 5:20-cv-02460-LHK Document 90-6 Filed 07/16/21 Page 10 of 48Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 11 of 49
`
`identified by the callee identifier, said access code request
`message including said callee identifier and a location identifier
`separate and distinctive from said callee identifier, said location
`identifier identifying a location of the mobile telephone;
`
`receive an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said callee
`identifier and associated with said location identifier and/or
`associated with a location pre-associated with the mobile
`telephone and wherein said access code expires after a period of
`time; and
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`initiate a call using said access code to identify the callee.
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`causing the at least one processor to access at least one memory
`storing a first participant profile identifying at least one first
`participant attribute;
`
`processing the second participant identifier and the at least one
`first participant attribute, using the at least one processor, to
`produce a new second participant identifier based on at least one
`match between the second participant identifier and the at least
`one first participant attribute;
`
`processing the new second participant identifier, using the at least
`one processor, to determine whether the second network element
`is the same as the first network element;
`
`[n/a]
`
`when the second network element is determined to be the same as
`the first network element, producing a routing message
`identifying a first network address associated with the first
`network element, using the at least one processor; and
`
`
`9
`
`

`

`
`
`Case 5:20-cv-02460-LHK Document 90-6 Filed 07/16/21 Page 11 of 48Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 12 of 49
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`
`
`
`
`
`when the second network element is determined not to be the
`same as the first network element, producing a routing message
`identifying a second network address associated with the second
`network element, using the at least one processor;
`
`wherein the packet switched communication system attempts to
`establish the communication from the first participant device to
`the second participant device based on at least one network
`address identified in the routing message.
`
`14. The method of claim 1, wherein the packet switched
`communication system is controlled by a system operator, the
`method further comprising:
`
`receiving a third participant identifier associated with a third
`participant device, wherein the third participant device is not
`associated with either the first network element or the second
`network element; and
`
`producing a routing message identifying a gateway to an external
`communication system that is not controlled by the system
`operator, using the at least one processor, to cause a further
`communication to be established to the third participant device.
`
`15. The method of claim 14 wherein at least a portion of the
`external communication system is a public switched telephone
`network (PSTN) communication system, and wherein the third
`participant identifier comprises a public switched telephone
`network (PSTN) number.
`
`10
`
`

`

`
`
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`
`D. ’721 Patent, Claim 38
`(see ’721 Patent at 38:10-40)
`
`
`
`38. A wireless apparatus comprising:
`
`a processor circuit comprising at least one processor;
`
`a network interface in communication with the processor circuit;
`and
`
`a non-transitory computer readable medium having computer
`executable codes stored thereon for directing the processor circuit
`to:
`
`receive from a user of the wireless apparatus a destination node
`identifier associated with a destination node with which the user
`wishes to communicate;
`
`
`transmit an access code request message to an access server, the
`access code request message including the destination node
`identifier and a location identifier identifying a geographical
`location of the wireless apparatus;
`
`
`D. Claim 15 of U.S. Patent 10,218,606 (“the ’606 Patent”)
`(see ’606 Patent at 37:30-38:3, 39:22-38)
`
`[N.B.: Claim 15 incorporates claim 1 and claim 14:]
`
`1. A method for routing communications in a packet switched
`communication system between a first participant device
`associated with a first participant and a second participant device
`associated with a second participant, the first and second
`participant devices being associated with first and second network
`elements of the communication system, respectively, the method
`comprising:
`
`[see below]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`receiving, by at least one processor, a second participant identifier
`associated with the second participant device, in response to
`initiation of a communication from the first participant device to
`the second participant device, the first participant device being
`associated with a first participant identifier;
`
`[n/a]
`
`11
`
`

`

`
`
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`
`receive an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to the access code request message, the access code
`reply message including an access code based on the location
`identifier in the access code request message, the access code
`identifying a communications channel on a gateway through
`which communications between the wireless apparatus and the
`destination node can be conducted, the access code being distinct
`from the destination node identifier; and
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`initiate communications from the wireless apparatus, via the
`network interface, using the access code based on the location
`identifier, to establish communications between the wireless
`apparatus and the destination node through the communications
`channel identified by the access code.
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`causing the at least one processor to access at least one memory
`storing a first participant profile identifying at least one first
`participant attribute;
`
`processing the second participant identifier and the at least one
`first participant attribute, using the at least one processor, to
`produce a new second participant identifier based on at least one
`match between the second participant identifier and the at least
`one first participant attribute;
`
`processing the new second participant identifier, using the at least
`one processor, to determine whether the second network element
`is the same as the first network element;
`
`[n/a]
`
`when the second network element is determined to be the same as
`the first network element, producing a routing message
`identifying a first network address associated with the first
`network element, using the at least one processor; and
`
`12
`
`

`

`
`
`Case 5:20-cv-02460-LHK Document 90-6 Filed 07/16/21 Page 14 of 48Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 15 of 49
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`when the second network element is determined not to be the
`same as the first network element, producing a routing message
`identifying a second network address associated with the second
`network element, using the at least one processor;
`
`wherein the packet switched communication system attempts to
`establish the communication from the first participant device to
`the second participant device based on at least one network
`address identified in the routing message.
`
`14. The method of claim 1, wherein the packet switched
`communication system is controlled by a system operator, the
`method further comprising:
`
`receiving a third participant identifier associated with a third
`participant device, wherein the third participant device is not
`associated with either the first network element or the second
`network element; and
`
`producing a routing message identifying a gateway to an external
`communication system that is not controlled by the system
`operator, using the at least one processor, to cause a further
`communication to be established to the third participant device.
`
`15. The method of claim 14 wherein at least a portion of the
`external communication system is a public switched telephone
`network (PSTN) communication system, and wherein the third
`participant identifier comprises a public switched telephone
`network (PSTN) number.
`
`13
`
`

`

`
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`Case 5:20-cv-02460-LHK Document 90-6 Filed 07/16/21 Page 15 of 48Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 16 of 49
`
`E. Claim 30 of U.S. Patent 9,935,872 (“the ’872 Patent”)
`(see ’872 Patent at 42:11-43:5)
`
`
`30. A communications system comprising a plurality of Internet-
`connected network elements for routing communications between
`a plurality of Internet- connected communication devices
`including first and second participant devices associated with first
`and second participants, respectively, the first and second
`participants being registered in at least one communication system
`database to access communication services through first and
`second network elements of the system, respectively, the system
`comprising:
`
`at least one communications system apparatus comprising at least
`one processor and at least one computer readable medium with
`instructions for directing the at least one processor to:
`
`
`receiving, by at least one processor, a second participant identifier
`associated with the second participant device, in response to
`initiation of a communication from the first participant device to
`the second participant device, the first participant device being
`associated with a first participant identifier;
`
`[n/a]
`
`14
`
`E. U.S. Patent 8,630,234, Claim 20
`(see ’234 Patent at 36:29-56)
`
`
`20. A mobile telephone apparatus comprising:
`
`
`a processor circuit;
`
` a
`
` network interface in communication with said processor circuit;
`and
`
` a
`
` computer readable medium in communication with said
`processor circuit and encoded with codes for directing said
`processor circuit to:
`
`receive, from a user of the mobile telephone, a callee identifier
`associated with the callee;
`
`
`cause an access code request message to be transmitted to an
`access server to seek an access code from a pool of access codes
`wherein each access code in said pool of access codes identifies a
`respective telephone number or Internet Protocol (IP) network
`
`

`

`
`
`Case 5:20-cv-02460-LHK Document 90-6 Filed 07/16/21 Page 16 of 48Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 17 of 49
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`address that enables a local call to be made to call the callee
`identified by the callee identifier, said access code request
`message including said callee identifier and a location identifier
`separate and distinctive from said callee identifier, said location
`identifier identifying a location of the mobile telephone;
`
`receive an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to said access code request message, said access code
`reply message including an access code different from said callee
`identifier and associated with said location identifier and/or
`associated with a location pre-associated with the mobile
`telephone and wherein said access code expires after a period of
`time; and
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`access a database of user profiles, using the first participant
`identifier, to locate a plurality of first participant attributes
`associated with the first participant, each user profile associating a
`respective plurality of attributes with a respective user and
`identifying an Internet address of a network element at which the
`respective user of the communication system is registered to
`access communication services;
`
`process the second participant identifier, based on at least one first
`participant attribute obtained from a user profile using the first
`participant identifier, to determine whether the communication
`initiated from the first participant device to the second participant
`device should be allowed to proceed, and, if the communication is
`allowed to proceed, to produce a new second participant
`identifier;
`
`determine, based on the new second participant identifier, whether
`the second participant is registered to access communication
`services at the same network element as the first participant;
`
`
`15
`
`

`

`
`
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`initiate a call using said access code to identify the callee.
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`
`
`
`
`
`[n/a]
`
`when the second participant is determined to be registered to
`access communication services at the same network element as
`the first participant, produce a routing message identifying a first
`Internet address associated with the first network element, to
`cause the communication to be established to the second
`participant device using the first Internet address;
`
`when the second participant is determined not to be registered to
`access communication services at the same network element as
`the first participant, produce a routing message identifying a
`second Internet address associated with the second network
`element, causing the communication to be established to the
`second participant device using the second Internet address; and
`
`when the communication initiated from the first participant device
`to the second participant device is determined not to be allowed to
`proceed, preventing the communication from being established to
`the second participant device.
`
`
`16
`
`

`

`
`
`Case 5:20-cv-02460-LHK Document 90-6 Filed 07/16/21 Page 18 of 48Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 19 of 49
`
`F. Claim 30 of U.S. Patent 9,935,872 (“the ’872 Patent”)
`(see ’872 Patent at 42:11-43:5)
`
`30. A communications system comprising a plurality of Internet-
`connected network elements for routing communications between
`a plurality of Internet- connected communication devices
`including first and second participant devices associated with first
`and second participants, respectively, the first and second
`participants being registered in at least one communication system
`database to access communication services through first and
`second network elements of the system, respectively, the system
`comprising:
`
`at least one communications system apparatus comprising at least
`one processor and at least one computer readable medium with
`instructions for directing the at least one processor to:
`
`
`receiving, by at least one processor, a second participant identifier
`associated with the second participant device, in response to
`initiation of a communication from the first participant device to
`the second participant device, the first participant device being
`associated with a first participant identifier;
`
`[n/a]
`
`17
`
`F. ’721 Patent, Claim 38
`(see ’721 Patent at 38:10-40)
`
`38. A wireless apparatus comprising:
`
`a processor circuit comprising at least one processor;
`
` a
`
` network interface in communication with the processor circuit;
`and
`
` a
`
` non-transitory computer readable medium having computer
`executable codes stored thereon for directing the processor circuit
`to:
`
`receive from a user of the wireless apparatus a destination node
`identifier associated with a destination node with which the user
`wishes to communicate;
`
`
`transmit an access code request message to an access server, the
`access code request message including the destination node
`identifier and a location identifier identifying a geographical
`location of the wireless apparatus;
`
`
`

`

`
`
`Case 5:20-cv-02460-LHK Document 90-6 Filed 07/16/21 Page 19 of 48Case 3:21-cv-09773-JD Document 33-4 Filed 03/28/22 Page 20 of 49
`
`receive an access code reply message from the access server in
`response to the access code request message, the access code
`reply message including an access code based on the location
`identifier in the access code request message, the access code
`identifying a communications channel on a gateway through
`which communications between the wireless apparatus and the
`destination node can be conducted, the access code being distinct
`from the destination node identifier; and
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`[n/a]
`
`initiate communications from the wireless apparatus, via the
`network interface, using the access code based on the location
`identifier, to establish communications between the wireless
`
`[n/a]
`
`access a database of user profiles, using the first participant
`identifier, to locate a plurality of first participant attributes
`associated with the first participant, each user profile associating a
`respective plurality of attributes with a respective user and
`identifying an Internet address of a network element at which the
`respective user of the communication system is registered to
`access communica