throbber
Translation of JP-A-5-85970
`
`(19) Japanese Patent Office
`(JP)
`(A)
`(12) Laid Open Patent Publication
`(11) Laid Open Patent Publication No. Hei 5-85970
`
`(43) Date of publication: April 6, 1993
`
`(51) Int. Cl.5
`
`Identification No.
`
`C07 C 21/18
`C09 K 5/04
`
`Internal Patent
`Classification
`9280-4H
`8930-4H
`
`FI
`
`Request for examination: not yet filed,
`
`Requested Number of Claims: 1
`
`(total 3 pages)
`
`(21) Application No.:
`
`Hei 3-245934
`
`(22) Filing Date:
`
`September 25, 1991
`
`(71) Patent Applicant:
`
`(72) Inventor:
`
`(72) Inventor:
`
`000002853
`Daikin Industries, Ltd.
`Umeda Center Building, 4-12,
`Nakazaki nishi 2-chome,
`Kita-ku,Osaka-shi,
`Osaka-fu(JP) ,
`Yukio Omure
`Yodogawa-seisakusyo
`1-1 Nishihitotsuya Settsu-shi,
`Osaka-fu (JP)
`Masahiro Noguchi
`Yodogawa-seisakusyo
`1-1 Nishihitotsuya Settsu-shi,
`Osaka-fu (JP)
`
`(74) Representative: Yuji Kakehi (four others) , Patent Attorney
`
`To be continued to the last page
`
`(54) Title of the invention:
`Refrigerant
`
`(57) Abstract
`
`[Object]
`
`A main purpose is to provide a refrigerant of which ODP
`
`Page 1 of 9
`
`Arkema Exhibit 1034
`
`

`
`is zero and which is excellent in various performances.
`
`[Constitution]
`
`A refrigerant made of
`
`2-trifl uoromethyl -3,3,3-trifluoropropene
`
`• 2 .
`
`Page 2 of 9
`
`

`
`[SCOPE OF CLAIMS)
`
`[Claim l] A refrigerant made of
`
`2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropene.
`
`[DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION)
`
`[0001]
`
`[FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION]
`
`The present invention relates to a novel refrigerant.
`
`[0002)
`
`[Prior art and problems thereof)
`
`Heretofore, as a working fluid or a refrigerant, a
`
`chlorofluoroalkane, an azeotropic composition thereof or a
`
`composition having an analogue composition thereof, has been
`
`known. Among them, at present, as a working fluid for a
`
`refrigerator, CFCll (trichlorofluoromethane ) , CFC12
`
`(dichloro-difluoromethane), CFC114
`
`(1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane), HCFC22
`
`(chlorodifluoromethane) or the like, is mainly used. However,
`
`in recent years, it is pointed out that, it takes a long t ime
`
`to decompose such a chlorofluoroalkane when it is discharged
`
`into the atmosphere , therefore it goes up to the stratosphere ,
`
`chlorine radicals produced by the decomposition in the
`
`stratosphere tend to destroy the ozone layer, and as a result
`
`the ecosystem in the earth, including human beings, are
`
`adversely affected. Accordingly, Use or Production of these
`
`chlorofluoroalkanes which is highly likely to destroy the ozone
`
`layer, is restricted according to the international agreement.
`
`As a chlorofluoroalkane which is currently subj ect to restraint,
`
`. 3.
`
`Page 3 of 9
`
`

`
`the above Rll, Rl2 or Rl4 may, for example, be mentioned.
`
`[0003]
`
`Among the above chlorofluoroalkanes, HCFC22 is not subjected
`
`to restraint since its ozone depleting potential (hereinafter,
`
`referred to as "ODP") is qui te low as compared with the above
`
`compound as an obj ect of restraint ( e . g . about 1/20 of CFCll),
`
`but it is desirable that ODJ? is replaced by a compound of which
`
`ODP is zero.
`
`[0004)
`
`In acc ordan ce with the prevalence of air
`
`conditioning/re frigeration facilities, the restriction on
`
`use/production of these refrigerant of w hich demands are
`
`increased every year, greatly affe cts the present social
`
`organization in gen eral, and therefore there are urgent needs
`
`to develop a novel refriger ant which is n o or extremely low
`
`danger of ozone-destroying problem.
`
`[0005]
`
`As the above promising compound (hereinafter, referred to as
`
`an alternative candidate compound) which can be replaced by a
`
`chlorofluoroalkane, a chl or of lu or oalkane or a fluoroalkane
`
`containing hydrogen atom(s), such as HCFC21
`
`{dichloromonofluorornethane) , HFC23 (trifluor om et hane ) , HFC32
`
`(di fluor orn ethan e) , HCFC124
`
`(monochlorotetrafluoromethane) ,
`
`HFC125 (pentafluoroethane), HCFC133a
`
`(monochlorotrifluoroethane), HFC134a (tetrafluoroethane),
`
`HCFC142b (monochlorodifluoroethane) , HFC143a
`
`{trifluoroethane) may, for example, be mentioned.
`
`Page 4 of 9
`
`

`
`[0006]
`
`However, such an alternative candidate compound alone cannot
`
`satisfy all of performances such as ODP, non-flammability, and
`
`other performances required for a refrigerant. Therefore it
`
`is considered that two or more of them are used as a mixture.
`
`However, if a mixture is used as a refrigerant, the composition
`
`of the mixture tends to change during phase change such as
`
`evaporation or condensation in a heat exchanger, in a mere mixed
`
`state, and therefore it is difficult to keep reliability in
`
`operation of an apparatus.
`
`[0007]
`
`Further, as an azeotropic mixed composition, one having
`
`CFC12/HFC152a=78.3/26.2 wt% (RSOO), HCFC22/CFCll5=48.8/51.2
`
`wt%
`
`(R502), CFC13/HFC23•59.9/40.l wt%
`
`(R503) or
`
`HFC32/CFC115-48.2/51.8 wt%
`
`(RS04) has been known, but such
`
`refrigerants contain chlorine atoms, and therefore their use
`
`is expect ed to be restricted in future.
`
`[0008]
`
`[OBJECT TO BE ACCOMPLISHED BY THE INVENTION)
`
`It is a main object of the present invention to provide a
`
`refrigerant of which ODP is zero, which is excellent in
`
`performances as a refrigerant, and which is not substantially
`
`accompanied by compositional change during phase change in
`
`operation of an apparatus.
`
`(0009]
`
`[MEANS TO ACCOMPLISH THE OBJECT ]
`
`The present inventors have conducted extensive studies to
`
`Page 5 of 9
`
`

`
`achieve the above objects. And as a result, they have
`
`discovered that 2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropene
`
`satisfies a requirement to accomplish its purpose.
`
`[0010]
`
`That is, the object of the present invention is to provide a
`
`refrigerant made of
`
`2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropene.
`
`[0011]
`
`The main properties of
`
`2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropene to be used in the
`
`present invention are shown in the following Table 1.
`
`Table 1
`
`Molecular weight
`
`Boiling point(°C)
`
`Critical temperature(°C}
`
`Critical pressure(kg/cm2·a)
`
`140
`
`13
`
`152
`
`31.9
`
`Latent heat of vaporization(kcal/kg:0°C)
`
`36.9
`
`Ozone resolution
`
`0
`
`[0012]
`
`It is possible to use a stabilizer in combination with the
`
`refrigerant of the present invention, as the case requires.
`
`That is, in a case where high stability is required under severe
`
`working conditions, it is possible to add an epoxide such as
`
`propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide or glycidol; a phosphite
`
`such as dimethyl phosphite, diisopropyl phosphate or diphenyl
`
`phosphite; a thiophosphite such as trilauryl trithiophosphite;
`
`a phosphine sulfide such as triphenoxy phosphine sulfide or
`
`. 6.
`
`Page 6 of 9
`
`

`
`trimethylphosphine sulfide; a boron compound such as boron,
`
`triethyl borate, triphenyl borate, phenylboronic acid or
`
`diphenylboronic acid; a phenol such as
`
`2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol; a nitroalkane such as
`
`nitromethane or nitroethane; an acrylate such as methyl
`
`acrylate or ethyl acrylate; dioxane; tert butanol;
`
`pentaerythritol; or p-isopropenyl toluene, in an amount of from
`
`0.01 to 5% of the weight of a refrigerant.
`
`[0013]
`
`Further, it is possible to blend other compounds with the
`
`refrigerant of the present invention, within a range not to
`
`impair the purpose or the effect of the present invention. Such
`
`other compounds may, for example, be an ether such as dimethyl
`
`ether or pentafluorodimethyl ether; an amine such as
`
`perfluoroethyl amine; or LPG.
`
`[0014)
`
`[EFFECT OF THE INVENTION]
`
`2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropene to be used in the
`
`present invention is easily decomposable and contains no
`
`chlorine atoms which has an impact on ari ozone layer, therefore
`
`it has zero ODP and no risk of disruption of the ozone layer.
`
`The refrigerant of the present invention has high refrigerating
`
`capacity and relatively good coefficient of performance. For
`
`example, it shows comprehensively exceilent performances that
`
`the refrigerating capacity is about 1.25 times and that the
`
`coefficient of performance is the same, as compared with CFCll.
`
`Accordingly, the refrigerant of the present invention can be
`
`. 7.
`
`Page 7 of 9
`
`

`
`replaced with CFCll currently used as a refrigerant for e.g.
`
`turbo.
`
`Since the refrigerant of the present invention is a
`
`single compound, it is possible to advantageously carry out e.g.
`
`control of fluid or recycling after recovery. The refrigerant
`
`of the present invention may be used as it is, without changing
`
`materials for existing refrigerators, since the solubility in
`
`a polymer compound is low. The refrigerant of the present
`
`invention is exc ellent in compatibility with e.g. PAG
`
`(polyalkylene glycol) type oil or polyester type oil. The
`
`refrigerant of the present invention is relatively excellent
`
`in thermal stability.
`
`[0015]
`
`[EXAMPLE]
`
`Now, Examples and Comparative Example will be shown below so
`
`as to make more clear the feature of the present invention .
`
`[0016] Example l
`
`With respect to a refrigerator having a l horsepower and using
`
`the refrig erant of the present invention, the evaporation
`
`temperature of the refrigerant in a condenser was adjusted to
`
`5°C, the condensation temperature was adjusted to 40°C, the
`
`superheating temperature at an inlet of a compressor was
`
`adj usted to 9°C, the supercooling degree at an outlet of the
`
`condenser was adjusted to 5°C to carry out ope ra ti on. As
`
`refrigeration oil, a polyalkylene glycol was used.
`
`Coefficient of performance (COP) , refrigerating capacity
`
`[kcal/m3] and a compressor gas discharge temperature
`
`(°C) are
`
`shown in Table 2. Further, in Table 2, results of CFCll are
`
`. 8.
`
`Page 8 of 9
`
`

`
`also shown for comparison.
`
`Table 2
`
`COP
`
`refrigerating
`compressor gas
`capacity (kcal/m3) discharge
`temperature
`
`(°C)
`
`The Present
`
`7 . 1
`
`157
`
`Invention
`
`(CFC11)
`
`7.3
`
`125
`
`40
`
`51
`
`From the result shown in Table 2, it is clear that, as compared
`
`with CFCl l, the refrigerant of the present invention is
`
`excellent especially in refrigerating capacity, has the same
`
`coefficient of performance, and has comprehensively
`
`well-balanced characteristics.
`
`Continued from front page
`
`(72) Inventor:
`
`( 7 2) Inventor:
`
`Katsuki Fujiwara
`Yodogawa-seisakusyo
`1-l Nishihitotsuya Settsu - shi ,
`Osaka-fu (JP)
`Hiroshi Momota
`Yodogawa-seisakusyo
`1-1 Nishihitotsuya Settsu-shi,
`(JP)
`Osaka-fu
`
`. 9.
`
`Page 9 of 9

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