ARGENTUM
`PHARMACELTICALS
`JPR2OTO-00204-
`Exhibit 1031
`
`LLC
`
`p1
`
`

`
`To our parents,
`I Abo[f:1z1Parsae1' and Barat Arabaki,
`Wtflzam H. Suilman and Kathleen A. Glassmne
`
`Concurrent Engineering
`
`Contemporary iggugg and
`modern design tools
`
`Ediml by
`
`Hamid R. Parsaei
`
`.4:\‘.\‘t':c'i:‘lw Pr:‘g)'l°s.s*(Jr
`fenwrjiar ("'ma1p1m'rvz:i¢!m' Errgiawerirrg
`[hn'z:erst'r_1' of Loui.s‘l‘:'H£'
`USA
`
`and
`
`William G. Sullivan
`
`Frqfi’.s‘.s‘r1.|’
`Deparmwm qf Indu.-urial and S_3.‘.\*mnx Engirwerfaug
`I-‘Trgillia P¢'2lyrn‘hr1i:t I nstfrum and Smrc L'm'ver.w‘I_'s'
`USA
`
`cHAPM:{rT& HALL
`London ~ Glasgow - New York - Tokyo - Melbourne ‘ Madras
`
`1PR2014-01126- Ex 1031
`|PR2016-00204- Ex. 1031 P.2
`
`

`
`fibula '7! Chillllfl 5 Hill. 3-6
`
`ROW. London SE! flllt"\‘
`
`It
`
`7,
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`if
`
`I
`
`‘
`
`Chapman & Hall. 2-6 Boundary Row. London SE1 RH N. UK
`
`Blacitie Academic & Professional. wearer Clcddens Road, Bishuphriggs.
`Glasgow G64 ZNZ. UK
`
`Chapman & Hall lnc.. 29 ‘West 35:11 Street. New York NYIIJOOI, USA
`
`Ch???” 3‘ lull-l‘W'i1n.Thomson Publishing Japan. Hiritkawalt’.‘hu Ncmoto
`Building. SF. I-T-H Htrakawaaflto. Chiyoda-ku. Tokyo I02. Japan
`.
`~
`Chapman & Hall Australia. Thomas N t
`A «
`r
`0-:
`South Melbourne. Victoria 3105, Anstraliason mm “L I _ Dndds mm!‘
`Setortd Main Road. (‘IT East.
`
`
`
`ISBN 0 412 46510 3
`
`Apart from any lair treat‘
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`mmsmmud‘ incmy to ctjsrrialubtrcatron may not be reproduced. stored. or
`in writing of tht! Publishers. til ia:lh:“=m5. Wuhan‘ mg ‘ml p“"'l§5l"“
`in mmdmm with U“: mm at the |‘i»‘:::c:: réprzdsrgphg; wfimduetion nnl!‘
`Liccnm‘.-gg As”,
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`1‘ 1 0 Copyright
`Hm” imod keg :i!1lctt;i:,:lt,c[;r.i:;-'.i:nF;:eocoOr'r1tanou unit the terms of
`.
`F" _
`'-"-“W” FIRMS Organization outside
`5'-‘Pmducnon outside the terms stated hen:
`
`~
`-
`A°3lN0El!,crocordfo th‘
`olr is available from the British Library
`r
`is
`-
`-
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`.
`Library of Congress C 1
`5" °E*flE'|n-Pubttcanon data 4‘.lV8ilahig
`
`ix,
`
`Contents
`
`Lin‘! of contributors
`Preface
`
`Part One
`ORGANIZATION ISSUES IN CON('l§RREN’I“
`ENGINEERING
`
`I.
`
`l’riru.:iples of concurrent engineering
`H rt-oil H. Jo. Hantiri R. Ptlt'.$'(lt’i turd Wr't'l'ictm G. Stillirrtrr
`Q-J Concurrent engineerings roots in the World War II era
`M. Cctr! Zimrtke and M'zrry 5. Spam:
`
`'..;
`
`Implentcntationz common failure modes and success factors
`SIt’ph(’I'J Emits
`
`4. Overcoming barriers to the implementation of concurrent
`engineering
`Gary A. Mrtddux anal Wtllimn I2’, Sander
`
`5.
`
`6.
`
`Improving interpersonal communications on multifunctional
`teams
`
`Mtrhnci E. Form and Roy A. Drriey
`
`Scheduling of concurrent manuiacturing projects
`Arledeji B. Badirtr
`
`Part Two
`
`TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES OF CONCURRENT
`ENGINEERING
`
`7. Models of design processes
`Alt’ Bahrumi arid Cihrm H. Dugii
`
`8.
`
`A decision-based approach to concurrent design
`Fm-rokir Mistree, Warren Srnith mu! Bert Bras
`
`9. Concurrent optimization of product design and manufacture
`Masrzmkrr Yoshimuru
`
`ll). Computer-based concurrent engineering systems
`Mielrael J. 0'Ft'_wttt and M. Munir Ahmad
`
`in
`xii
`
`I
`
`3
`
`24
`
`4?.
`
`6|
`
`75
`
`93
`
`Ill
`
`I13
`
`127
`
`I59
`
`I84
`
`
`
`1PR2014-01126- Ex 1031
`|PR2016-00204- Ex. 1031 P.3
`
`

`
`vi
`
`ll.
`
`12
`
`Comenrs
`
`Canton rs
`
`Multiattribule design optimization and concurrent engineer-
`ing
`T
`Deborah L Thurszon and Angela Locascio
`
`Concurrent cell design and cell control system configuration
`F. Frank Chen
`
`A generalized methodology for evaluating rnanufacturability
`Sriniuasa R. Shankar and David G. Jansson
`
`Evaluating product rnachinability For concurrent engineering
`Dana S. Nan, Guangming Zhong, Sotyandra K. Gupta and
`Raghu R. Karinrhi
`Concurrent optimization of design and manufaciuring toler-
`ances
`
`Chm: Zhang and Hsu-Pin (Ben) Wang
`
`Automating design for manufzzcturability through cxpcrl sys-
`tems approaches
`.-LR. Vcnkarachalarn. Joseph M. Mellichamp and Darid AL
`Mifler
`
`Modeling the design process with Petri nets
`.4na're*w Ku.-flak and Hsu-Hon Yang
`
`Ncuro-computing and concurrent engineering
`Cflmn H. Dayle‘. Piparpong Poshvanmlda. and All Bahrami
`
`index
`
`
`
`vii
`
`426
`
`447
`
`465
`
`487
`
`
`
`1PR2014-01126- Ex 1031
`|PR2016-00204- Ex. 1031 P.4
`
`Design for human factors
`Farilzarz Tayyari
`
`PartThree
`
`COST CONSIDERATIONS IN CONCURRENT
`ENGINEERING
`
`Designing to cost
`Mam-udra S. Hundal
`
`I8.
`
`Economic design in concurrent engineering
`James S. Noble
`
`ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE [N CONCURRENT
`ENGINEERING
`
`d “
`Application of expert systems to on mac "
`Gary P. Moynihan
`3
`""3 cstgn
`
`? k”°w1°d5°"b35°d aPP1'°a¢h ‘0 design for manufacture using
`natures
`Evin Mofloy and J. Browne
`
`-
`.
`‘
`accumulauon of knowledge. a new of concurrent
`
`Concurrcnt
`I
`'
`eng1noermg
`R059" 15- Douglas, Jr. and David C. Brown
`
`373
`
`375
`
`386
`
`Integrated. knowledge
`Sm“ H. Km
`
`systems for adaptive, concun-em design
`
`413
`
`

`
`3
`
`,
`
`1
`N
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`b I
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`
`Concurrent
`
`d
`
`'
`eslgn
`
`f"arrukh Mi.\'rr('('. Wurrmr snmh and Bar! Bras
`
`.\|c>dcrn. cnmpulcr~|a;isu:d cuncurrcnl dcsign requires at l‘mIis1|c :1ppr(\a1ch lhiil
`1n1cgm1c.~ tin: rcprcscntution.
`ImiI1;1gcr1Icr1l uml 11ruccssir1g ul 1'nl}zrmul|nn.
`lr1icgr:uim1 1s pnssihlc through the ‘.s‘tz':m1ardI2;1non' 0|" mfnrm.'1ti¢_m manage-
`mcm mthin :1 dcslgn prm;cs.~a. Wu: appmucl1 sIund:1rdIz:tli0n |'rnIn lhc
`pcrspcciiw nfdccisinn—busud ¢|c:.ig_n IDHDJ. muncly. that ‘the prim.-up.-:1 rule uf
`an engineer,
`In Ihc design of an urllfacl.
`is to Ink»: dctlsi-.ms'. (iivcn lh;|l
`ducisions are fuundulimml. we an:-lb}: CDIICLIFICIII dcsigll processes lhruugh lhs:
`S'[TlH1JII1I‘It':0l|‘-&il'1Ll]jv'\i*i. synllvzsis and rcmluliun nf mulliplc dccix'mn.»;.
`In this c}1:1pIcr. Wt‘: énlruducc 1hr.‘ FLmd:m1L'n{ul puI'.'u|igI11s 0|" DB0 and
`dcscrilw:
`:1 dcci~'inn-based L|C>I_1,'l'| mcllmdnlngy rallied thc dcci:+im1 support
`pmhlcm 1cc11nir.|uc [[38]-"H. Spcci1i::uI1_\.; wc start by presiding .~um1c hack-
`fifnund and hy .~atuIing lhc ;mnn15 needed In cliitrzlclcri/n:
`‘xJcL‘ixinn.~'
`air»
`dt‘t‘i*mn suppurl pI“olalcrz1sIDSPsI, IntmdJ.u:v.:d nuxl is lhcD.»rn1ul »;).'nl.'1.\ and
`.<CFT1ElI1l1I‘.‘5- nf DSPS, This gcilcrlu protocol cnsurcs the aI[‘|[1|iC£1hlHl)' of the
`DEPT ucrwzs v.1r_\nng domain.» of applicutimx by pmvidixlg uniform and
`saruclurcd muppiI1g.s bclwccn the dc2u_grmr$' View of the kvnrld and the
`Particular syntm. nccdcd to facilitate nvnlution. Finally. aw present surm-
`'-"‘**11”“I3les [rum marine dnsign ln cxpliuztlc nur ;1ppm;u:h_
`
`H.I SHIP DESIGN (‘ASE S'fl,.I'D|I’.S NUM[iN(']l_ATl'Rii
`
`— —— — — ——
`
`—
`
`—
`
`,
`
`L
`13
`T
`B
`vs.
`
`length h-stwccn pcrpcmliculalrs 1n nwtcrs
`or LBP
`-)1‘ BL-‘AM Ship design beam In nmlcrs
`(W DRAFT ship design draft in mctcrs
`01’ l?}‘:PTH ship design depth in nn:1x:r:;
`Displilccd mlunm
`cat LB
`block cocflncnunl I,s|np‘s
`hull)
`-.—r_— VL><BxT
`
`'
`
`1PR2014-01126- Ex 1031
`|PR2016-00204- Ex. 1031 P.5
`
`

`
`0|’ 0’
`
`0! CW
`
`128
`
`Cr
`
`Cw
`
`‘-03
`a
`LCl'-
`32K HT
`“(CR
`
`A cIer'isiiiit-brim! app]-nm.h
`
`,
`prismiitit: eneilicicni
`: fi
`(Shiny; hulll
`ldshm mum mm
`wuterplanc cocflieicnt
`= ?fi
`lship’s hull)
`“B
`~
`lo
`‘i
`ii‘ —i
`m:jiihiiiPSin.i ccntcr of hunyiincy in meters lllfliazfi.-:
`longitudinal center of flotation in mciersimmiti
`mldlshlps
`siundard heightibctwecn deck; in "mm
`muxiniuni sustained speed in km-,5
`endurance speed in tmms
`
`COGAG
`
`Other parameters:
`.
`»
`—
`‘
`-
`'
`COD
`~
`OG
`uimbinution oi diesel engine lfor Vl-{CR} or gi‘lSlu1’b11ic|iir
`CODAD
`VKJ : [3nl:l[JUl5I0fl pliint
`'
`cornbinatiun cit’ diesel an
`gine and gas turbine iftir VKCRW
`V
`‘
`K3 " Pmpulsion plant
`.
`‘
`,
`'
`'
`‘\3[0l'l'|bmaI1('.||'l at‘ gas turbine and _as turbine llnr Vl(CRiii:
`Kl ' P¥"_°Pulsion plant
`vertical distance between the center of gravity and tiietite
`Verse metucenter
`—
`economic return on investment
`
`GM
`
`ROI
`
`*
`
`8.2 OUR FRAME OF REFERENCE
`
`It is our contention that to in
`crease both the efliciency‘ and effiactivitnizsfil
`m
`_
`_
`°‘P1'00ess ofdcsign u come'“P°l'3|‘)’ Paradigm for design is needed. WFW
`whic; pammgm fmm ‘he P¢T$P<‘!ctivc of decision-based desigIt.T?1c
`mgine:I'_;:°'::’:55¢S Systems thinking and embodies the ideas til’ cniiciirrw
`ithe primig 1 ' ‘3" r°' “"3 “Tc Cycle is based on the foundational prcntittillli
`dam . pa “'1” °f an engineer.
`in the design of an artifact. is iomtil
`—,
`—
`-
`Sm
`onstratc concurrency by the simultaneous stiluiiotitl
`s
`-
`.
`,
`design anal},
`.
`5 “id fhmugh the integration and holistic tretitmcattitl
`Rmjmunifiaris and ‘Sy’l’llh8SlS. B)‘ choice. we focus on the early Sta?”
`
`and it]-ig
`
`-
`7
`.
`-
`F5 the greatest potential I) affect the design Wm
`E3“ ‘“‘°° “"5 Phase dramatically sha;)c5 what is In rciuoi-.
`~
`pmms Pmfiresses and decisions accumulate the lrecdflm”
`make ch“8:, -
`1
`0" design incl? r°d“°°d- M the same time. the knowledge uboui the CW
`‘}"*.'1~‘*l'0rtni1tion»of -,:h,T.hi3 l“°"_?a8c in knowledge is characterized bl '
`rt l
`.
`-
`‘lien. we ref:
`mr°"'|1fllton into ‘hard’ information. By soil ifllfllm’
`“ ‘he heuristic and qualitative information than stems M“
`
`Our _i‘l'lJHlt’ til" rtflerciitw
`
`129
`
`.lc5igni.‘|”'S judgment and experience whereas hard infnrmaitinn tends in be
`based tin scicntilic principles and to he more qtiuntiiutive in nature. Given
`this nature of design iiilnrntailion. whtit
`ii ctmcurrcnl design ztpproucli
`iiicilitalcs is ‘to l;iinw' more about
`the design early on. ilizii
`is. iitcreuse in
`qualitative ratio of hard to soft inlurniaition. This reiniive imprtwcmctil in
`the quality ulinfnrniutimi is expected it! lead [0 ctiuivztlcni or better clcsigns
`llllll iirc icuiiipleli-d in less time and at less cost thzin those designed using a
`ti';idi1'u’ii1:1I sequential process.
`in which synthesis; of the
`Cnmrrured tn lradiiioiiiil cngiiiecring ilcsigit
`product pliiyei the central role. the d0t1‘Imz.ll1l icutui'c in concurrent ciigiticcr-
`ing is the synthesis of the |'.‘IfDI.3E.‘i1i ii.i'l1ii;lt includes design. mun ulucluri: und
`wppfltl aspects]. With the synilicsis of the pt‘t.‘it’.'CSti.
`it
`is expected that the
`\)'l‘llllt.’$i$ til the product will follow n:3.turail|_i.'. Ci‘:rtuinl3.' sonic HSDCCIS til the
`design arc by necessity pursued sequcntitilly. For example. the preliminary
`design event will generally lullnw the cunceptuzil design event. What we
`mt-iiii ripeciticully by the synthesis of the process and concurrent design is
`that ilii: tlt.'t.'isiun5 that can bc .~.in1ul1:iiicnu.~sly resolved airc siniuliuiicmisly
`rcsnlwd. Indeed. what we seek is it holistic integrated model that yields a
`solution to all of the relcv-.inl dccisinns §l['l‘Il1lllu1CtlLISl)'.
`Given this argument and as cvidcnccd by the host of design research
`initititivcs being undertaken worldwide. design science is an emerging
`diseipiiiie tiricl the attitudes tmvurd design art’: ciianging. The lundamcniul
`rcasuns for this can be 3l.U”ll}UlL‘Ll in two singtilur events; at new cmph:isi.s on
`systems thinking and the pervasive presence nl computers. l~luwevcr_ inde-
`pendent of the iipproaclics or nicilmds used to plun. establish goals and
`model systems; desigiiurs tire and will cniitiiiue In be involved in two
`l'1lll'IlaI‘)«’
`il.Cll'l-'l!lt:S. namely. processing sytiitmls and making decisimis. So.
`wlirii characterizes at decision‘?
`The characteristics 0|’ decisions tire governed by the characteristics of
`design of real-life enginecriiig systcnts. "I'hc:ic characteristics may. in part. be
`summarized by the following dciscriptivc sciitericcs:
`0 Dccisiiins involve inlurmution that comes fft)l'l'l diilcrciit sources and
`disciplines;
`0 Dccisiuns are governed by multiple measures of merit and perfurmuiicu:
`' All the iniarma.1inn required to niuki: ti decision iiiiiy not he ':!\v’illl':lblCI
`0 same of the inlorniation used in making it decision may be hard and
`some inlnrtnuiion may be soft; aind
`The problem for which at decision is being made is invuriubiy loosely
`defined and open.
`
`V'””F‘"I~‘ none of the dccisinns are characterized by 21 singular. unique
`50l_UlI0n. The decision solutions tire less than optimal and art: culled
`Saitislicing solutinns.
`“Om a di:eision~basei:l design perspective. decisions help bridge the
`Sal? bctwcctt an idea and rciility. They serve as markers and units ol
`
`1PR2014-01126- Ex 1031
`|PR2016-00204- Ex. 1031 P.6
`
`

`
`I30
`
`.4 tlet'i.virJ;i-iigised “pp,-0m.h
`
`I
`
`.’ >-
`
`communication to identify the progression of
`it design [:9
`thmflgh lmnlcmcntation to termination and in
`9!’ exhibit
`dependent and domain-independent features. Focusin
`to a description of the design processes written i gum“ dmm,“b-"
`for teams from the various disciplines V
`.1 languageuugzmfinm _.PM
`of designing. Our formal dip
`I h
`.
`.
`.
`mama!‘ 6’ “L I987: Mismw :'lt‘:Jl!l-lU[II9g(;].t
`:3
`term designing is asiullw
`Desi
`in '
`"
`-~
`,
`-
`-
`.
`nccdftitmg
`uuprcifiess oil: comcriing information that charactcrinmg
`6}
`ents or 3 product into kflfiwlcdgg abomamm
`‘t'
`In this defi
`-
`.
`-
`.
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`bet’:
`ha
`.
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`.
`.~
`-~
`.
`Pm'wV:s£;ul1E:3l]cSrei}:::
`ths. motel significant design products ttlcllltlhg:
`
`8.3 THE DECISION SUl’P()R'l‘ PROBLEM TECHNIQUE
`:3? :":f[:m”:‘o‘:‘;:9"h0f deciston-biised design can take dilierent ll3|'l'l!$,‘ii’:
`being dcvelffpedti
`‘file decision support problem technique lDSl'l'tlii
`supper‘ for h
`«In ‘Implemented. at the Llnivcrsity of Houstunlfipmiit
`‘hm princi 3:151‘!!! judgment in dcstgning systems. The DSPT wttsimrl
`an appmacl; R’-Zflflllgoncntsz a design philosophy rooted in syttemstliitiiitt
`mspsl and ‘her i Eflfllylng and formulating decision support
`‘N
`.
`I
`' 5“PP0fllflg sol'twai'c. DSIDES. The DSFT compttstsfl
`1,
`s‘ name 3- 3 meta-dcsigtt phase and a computer-based design phat:
`iglr’-11:1‘-idttsitgn is at metaievel process of designing systems that iriciiitltt
`— a W tfrnénciigilfniystegi for Function. partitioning ttie design prourtinw ‘
`will be made‘
`3” Planning the sequence in which these tlnastm!
`‘
`For meta-,d¢si
`.
`E0 to represent dynamic
`'
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`'
`<
`d
`iaitiiinilt
`pirtitionmg an
`9°
`it
`!?i::rtlt::su::a:% Pia“ “I1 meta is derived from‘ the work of Klir [Klih 1'”
`.
`meta can have three meanings;
`W -‘met:
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`u ¢;,,,,,w ‘mil: °°°“"5 dilfil‘ X: thus X is :1 prerequisite afmettt ill
`E. and
`X indicates that X changes and is at general namettlfl“
`.0 I7bGBE~
`.
`_
`,
`i;.»g,;-Emmi”: “ ‘“’°"'-' lwperior mi X in the sense am it is monhtfl‘
`(mngnfimm high“ ‘°83C3| type or viewed from an enlarged P=“i‘°“"'
`Whhzvgflium
`.
`_
`—
`I m!‘ "1"?! meaning. This notion oi‘ higher has 11190”
`kliflwjgda
`Wmputcr scientists.
`in terms like mm’
`for exam is:
`‘]T3u’m‘geii"””“*“l°main. etc.
`P '
`lint
`1' (m”“‘”d“'5l8Cfll.. the detailed product specific decisinfiw‘
`"""“°‘l- Rather. What
`is designed is the process wit
`
`Tlic rlivrisiiiri SHpfJ()l‘l' prrilvi‘cnt tet'litiii;tre
`
`131
`
`,
`
`implemented in Pliiisc 1!. in l’lia.~i: ll ldcsigiit. iniijor dccisitins arc nmdclcd
`as DSl’.s and wlutiotts to thcse DSPS are sought. Phase I of the DSPT is
`lniscd on the primary axioms of DH[). These axioms map the particular
`dcsicn tasks to eliaraetcristii: decisioiis and provide :1 domain-independent
`l1':tIllt.'M't)l'l". for the rcprcscnttttioii and pi'()ccs.~“.ing of domain rclcvatit design
`iiihiriiiation lliamai.
`i9*)tl].
`
`.-\itiorn—| Existciice of decisions in the DSPT
`The application of the DSPT results in tht: identification of decisions
`aswcititcd with this system (and substystcms that niay be rclcvantl.
`
`.'\.!.lfl!TI 2 Type of dccisiom in the DSPT
`All dccisioiis identified in the DSPT are categorized as Selection,
`(omprnmisc. or :1 combination of these.
`
`Selection and coniproniise are referred to as primary decisions. All other
`decisions which are rcpresicnted as a ctnmbiniiticm of these are idcntilicd as
`domed dcctsioiis. The aielc-stiiin decision.
`in the context of the DSPI. is
`defined as follows.
`
`Definition-l The selection decision
`
`The selection decision is the process of milking :1 cltoicc between a
`number of possibilities taking into account a number of measures of
`merit or attributes.
`
`The crnpltusis in selection is on the acccptarice of certain alternatives
`through the rejection of others. The goal of selection in design is to reduce
`tlic alternatives to :1 realistic and managcahic number based on dilTcrcnt
`measures of merit. These measures. called attributes. represent the iunctiontil
`requirements and may not all be oicqual intpnrtuncc. Some of the attributes
`may bi: quantified using hard information and others may be quantified
`using soft information. Siinilzirly. the compromise decision. in the context of
`the DSPT. is defined as follows.
`
`Dctinition—I‘. The compromise decision
`The compromise decision requires that the ‘right’ values (or combina-
`tion) oi design variables be found to describe the best satisiicing systcnt
`design with respect to constraints and multiple goals.
`
`_ The emphasis in compromise is on modification and change tc.g.. dimen-
`"“““' Sllfllhcsifil by making appropriate triideolTs based on criteria relevant
`In the feasibility and Dcrformttncc of the systcm.
`The second aitiorn is explained using set mutation. The set of all primary
`tltiL‘15lt)l'l5 in thc DSPT is given by. Det*isieiii=={S.C:" where 5 denotes
`Sclocttttn and C denotes Coniprnmisc. All derived decisions result from
`operations on this set. Some derived decisions are iilustratcd in Fig. 3.1. The
`coupled selcctiun-compromise dccisiion ll-”ig. 8.121]
`is
`rcpresiciitcd by the
`
`N
`
`i
`
`l
`l
`
`1PR2014-01126- Ex 1031
`|PR2016-00204- Ex. 1031 P.7
`
`

`
`Th!’ r1‘m‘ixinn .m_r=;mr'r przihiwii r¢'('hniqm"
`
`I33
`
`in Table 3.! arc the |;cj.\\'url.1v-. and dcscriplnr~e &i*i‘wu}l.‘iEtE4’.’(i
`Sl;lT!1l‘mil'l;€|.‘~Li
`with Ihc sclccuun and mmpmmisc [)Sl’~:,
`llic kL‘}'\.'.0l‘ds am:
`the ‘u:rh~.'
`that cl;;ssif3.- dumaiin rL’iL‘\:1I'Il
`inI'mnmIiun. and iilcnlily the r|.'i.'.Jl1L)[‘lS.l'll[‘J:>
`mM¢,1ih;u in[prn1;i:j«;m,
`In l|':L'
`l)SI’s lislcd Ill Tulalc H11.
`the lxcyxsurd
`‘fiiuclf is u heading under \‘~ hicli the h;Io;kgm11nd or knmm inl\\1'I11;ilic,ii1 is
`L,mup._-tj‘ Kcywurds uiiihmly in tlicnaxulws tho Li|.!l"l'lili['l
`inulcpcudcnt ‘pm-
`icdurui l-mowlcdgc" for DS§’s.
`|.)C\'C['l[7I(_lI'.\ urc tlbjccis org.-'unizcd under the
`:'CiL)\’;lI‘ll kc3.'\wrcis within the DST‘
`l'nrmu|;llium. Again.
`lhc) also help
`:,';|[)\ii.!l“n'I
`the pruhlum [mm ilk klir-L'l[3illlL' apccilic alescriplimi
`in :-i diari-
`piinc lmlcpcndcnl rcprcscnlzilimi. Fur cmnipic. to Sclcul
`11
`l‘l'Ii.l'[L‘t'l;1i lusing
`[hr smclin‘-rl l)SPl t‘|‘ElSC‘ti nn mrengih. color and C‘(|~‘»!.
`(ha: mziluriail L‘i‘l0Il3l:‘.\
`:m'ii.~'.tr:d RES ‘::1h:rm1livv::<' and Elan:
`\'L’iCL'lln'I1 criteria 2»:
`';1ltrii'ru1c\".
`I)L‘sCrl]‘i-
`inn represent 'I.'iC‘Ci:lriIliVI: knnu.'lcdgv:"‘ lRich.
`i'~}3<.7~‘_l.
`
`Table 8.! DSI“ i.'cuu1:'d~ «ml clcwtipltirs
`
`I
`
`l
`
`) i
`
`DSP
`Sclzxlaun
`
`('umpr:.mI|~.c
`
`Kvi mania
`Uiwii
`idclllil]
`
`Rain:
`R uni.
`(iiurn
`I"iml
`
`S;1|i.'J_\'
`
`Um: riplxrn
`l;‘:smli¢i.'iIv .Iilk'rl1'.ill\‘{"~‘
`s\1m!m1:.‘.~
`Rclulixc in1pnrl;mL“c
`Al1s:rn;un-cs u r.l. ;mnhi.riL~s
`()1'L'k'l' of prull-rciicc
`infnrrmilmn
`S}'.'~EI."ll‘l iuruihlcs
`[)c\:ulImi vuriuhlcs
`5}'.<[L'm i.‘ull.\ll".li!1l.\
`Sgitcrn gnuls
`Iimimis
`Uiiiimi/L‘ l)mi.'ltmn fllncllmi—
`
`
`
`lmu.-ur
`~‘\.!I£>m -4 mil} xccm ~ac1l-cmidcnt as m:ui_v solution lL'Chl'l1L|L1l.!§ n:.g..
`l"L‘.£’Tfl|11"1mI,-E Imnlincar Llpllmillllinll
`:md cxpcrt saystenisl urn: applicable
`W Plvblcms
`from ulillbrcnt dumuina.
`llm-.'cv.—cr.
`lilifi cmidiliun supple-
`T”5“‘5 5|-‘IIIVVI11 3 by sialing [hill dccisimi support nmiicls using domain-
`mdclkndcni constructs xhould
`be
`solved
`In
`an dnmaiin-independent
`TTEEIUITCI
`
`To iaciiilzltc the design of cngiiiccring systciiis. our ;-ippmacli is; [0 rnakc
`available mols {analogous in ms palette of an. puintcrl
`[hall
`a human
`difilgnur can use in ‘varinus events of the design Iimclinc.
`‘Flu: decision
`sllpporl Ilmhleni
`technique pulctic was first puhlishcd in IMi.~:ircc yr ul'..
`NH-‘JV Stink’ rciincmcnl and cxpnnsmn ml the concept occurred and mu
`f“F|’i!!_!l palcllc is fully described in |Bra:'. and Mistrec,
`|S'J9l|. The pulclur
`llglnllalini lhrcc dificrcnl classics ol'cmi1ics. nanicly. pulcnlial suppuri prob-
`Cl‘lilIlL‘I\‘ _'.Ind .irLll1Smll5i.\‘I(1In cntilics. Fha: icons reprcsxzntlnug
`-»
`_
`L: are shown in Fig. 8,3.
`.=\ rrmclcl or network of :1 process JS
`"°‘“°d 53)’ connecting entities
`in a
`systcinalic Ihshmn. An c.‘\'tr:Il5i\'t:
`
`PRIMARY DECISIONS
`
`SELECTION
`
`DEFHVED DECISIONS
`
`~~--~—-M...".......,.._.J
`
`(33
`
`A dc:'.'.min-I:-axed’“pp;-,,m—;,
`CCMPROMISE
`
`Cfiulfilecl seIect:on;‘comprorm,se
`
`
`(C)
`
`Hr6F5!chig;a|
`derived
`dEC|5l0l1
`
`Corinllary to Axiom —l and Axiurn "
`,
`_
`11
`rohl
`iv
`Decisidn suppg
`'
`the gecisians id
`P
`Cm‘ are LllIiIlLd In prnudc. du.mnn gupporl Eu.
`cnlificd [within the DSPTJ,
`Th.
`-
`.
`.
`‘
`’
`c6:s!t£é[:,i::;:-salpgmglry and derived] arc rCS(‘Ii\~‘I?(i using srfcizilm-d
`scléclion-compromls ecN°'T "”fiP0rt riroblenis. For imlancc. lhc couplrfi
`decision shown’!-n F?” D39 15: ulscd to prmidc decision support
`for the
`pmhlgms is uarfi lg 8.12:. Within the DSPT the nature ufdcrisiuti Suppl‘?-
`q
`I ed lhmugh lhl: following two axioms lKamul. TWITL
`
`‘
`
`main independence nf DSP dcscripzors and keywords
`Words used to mode] D5 Ps. nced to he dflfi1llI!'l-
`'
`‘I
`I
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`K
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`,
`,
`.
`.
`.
`.
`_ Rllargccl and disciplipefl
`° P70665505 lc.g.. design. munul.u,Iurv.. mall!
`“'3 “T~E—. mechanics. engineering managemcnll.
`
`
`
`1PR2014-01126- Ex 1031
`|PR2016-00204- Ex. 1031 P.8
`
`

`
`A dt‘t't'.x‘itii1-Imst-‘cl apgirtimh
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`The constraints and gnals fur thz: IJ£.'-hlgll.
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`
`DSPT palette entities
`,/»”"'//N
`P°‘°“l*3' SUDDOFI
`Base entities
`Transmission
`problem entities
`
`’ System
`variable
`
`|J5lEll"|"|e‘|El'l'
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`Limiting
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`\';lTlt'Il1lL‘.*i
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`The system ctntstrttittts that must bu stttislicd lot the mltiliott In hc
`feasible.
`
`\Lllllt.‘~i llltc) tnilicntc Iltu cttlcnt to which the
`
`.
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`'3’ 3-3 Th? DSPT pttlettc for nindcling [Vl"0S..‘C.\‘.H‘L’.\ lflrklti and Mixtrcc.
`
`l‘l‘3‘l|-
`
`example using the
`Paleilc in the design of at frigtttc is giwn in tMisI.rct'.i:t :11.’
`N90)‘
`A designer working within the DSPT l‘lil:'5 the lrcctluin to use subrnudtia’
`Elflfgsgvofks ‘fr 9 design process created and stored by others lprtbifll“
`[desmpmfij ‘mdmr 1° °‘°f“° Wlginttl models ml the intended plain of ttctimk
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`In Phat-will of hms MN" I990)’
`.
`that “mes Rd 1 6 the fntrus is on structuring and snltintl ll“ 95?’
`imnmaticrwithli The decisions itlcnttlicd in F'l1El\'t.! 1. Thu: 0FE3i“l"‘”"’” Ur
`rcprescnlmm sch =YWUr_ds and descriptnrs results in :1 general kiiowlctlfi‘
`"
`“me with an associated sense: of tlzttzi athstrstctitin.
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`ascfoltlhgzfds and descflptors frarri Tahiti 8. l. the selection D5? is rcileratfit-‘F
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`
`ITASI’. the
`i.?i.)!!‘I]3I'\.\I‘I1lSL‘
`3inL\' the 3«'t.‘l.CL'llUl'l USP can be rcfnrmtiltitcd .t.~2 it
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`tti
`;l':"'~""l")r'ii€=r1"«'cd decision. Tltcrclurc. let us cxzintini: the tintlcrpittnings For
`Tztétlitcmutical lnrnitilzilttin til th-.-A cuntprtirtiisc l_)!~.il’.
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`1PR2014-01126- Ex 1031
`|PR2016-00204- Ex. 1031 P.9
`
`

`
`Thu rI'cn.~::.;r! support p:'tI11I'cm [m'hHiqI44"
`
`[37
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`the ;,_gpim1:ou1 space) um! {Inn \vhIs.'h can he ;lL3|‘IiL‘.\Cd lax‘ Inudciccl by the
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